I-Async Programming Imane Yokufaka Isikhathi

Isingeniso: Inkohliso Yesikhathi Esifanayo

Emhlabeni wethu oxhumeke kakhulu, sivamise ukwenza iphutha lokuxhumana okusheshayo njengomsebenzi ophumelelayo. Silindele izimpendulo ezisheshayo ku-Slack, idatha esheshayo evela kukholi ye-API, nezibuyekezo zesikhathi sangempela kumadeshibhodi ethu. Lokhu kulindelwe ngokushesha, nokho, kudala umgoqo obalulekile. Uma ingxenye yesistimu kufanele ilinde ithule ukuze enye iphendule, ukuqhubeka kuyama. Lena inkinga ewumnyombo exazululwa yizinhlelo ze-asynchronous, hhayi ngokwenza izinto zisheshe, kodwa ngokujova ngobuhlakani insiza engasetshenziswa kakhulu kunabo bonke: isikhathi.

Kusho Ukuthini "Ukujova Isikhathi" Empeleni?

Cabanga ngompheki omatasa ekhishini. Indlela ehambisanayo, noma evimbayo, ingafana nokubilisa i-pasta nokuma uqine phambi kwebhodwe, ubuke futhi ulinde ukuthi upheke, ungakwazi ukuqoba imifino noma ukulungisa isoso. Lokhu kuwukumosha okukhulu kwamandla ompheki. Indlela ye-asynchronous iwuphawu lompheki ochwepheshe: bafaka i-pasta emanzini abilayo, babeka i-timer, bese ngokushesha baphendule ukunaka kwabo eminye imisebenzi ebucayi-ukusika, ukuthungatha, ukugcoba. Umpheki akakawasheshisi amanzi abilayo; esikhundleni salokho, bajove "isikhathi" i-pasta esidinga ukuyipheka ibuyele endleleni yabo yokusebenza, okuvumela omunye umsebenzi okhiqizayo ukuba wenzeke phakathi naleso sikhathi sokulinda.

Kusofthiwe, "isikhathi sokujova" sisho ikhodi yokuhlela ukuze kuthi uma umsebenzi—njengokulanda idatha kusizindalwazi noma ukushayela isevisi yewebhu—uqaliswa, uhlelo lungami. Kunalokho, isho kahle ukuthi, "Ngizoqala lo msebenzi, futhi ngizobuyela kuwe uma usuqedile." Uchungechunge oluyinhloko lohlelo bese luyakhululwa ukuze luphathe eminye imisebenzi, njengokuphendula ukuchofoza komsebenzisi noma ukucubungula enye idatha. Umsebenzi odla isikhathi usingathwa ngemuva, futhi umphumela ucutshungulwa kamuva, uma usulungile. Lokhu kuguqula isikhathi sokulinda esimoshiwe sibe isikhathi sokwenza esikhiqizayo.

Amandla Ezinhlelo Ezingavimbeli

Izinzuzo zale paradigm zinwebeka ngale kwesivinini nje. Ngokudizayina amasistimu angavimbi, sakha izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinamandla kakhudlwana, ezikalayo, nezisabelayo. Iseva yewebhu esebenzisa ukuhlelwa kwe-asynchronous ingaphatha izinkulungwane zokuxhunywa ngasikhathi sinye ngezinsiza ezincane ngenxa yokuthi ayinikeli lonke uchungechunge kumsebenzisi ngamunye omane elinde ukuthi umbuzo wesizindalwazi uqedelwe. Le mvelo engavimbeli iyisisekelo sezinhlelo zokusebenza zesimanje, zesikhathi sangempela.

Le filosofi ibalulekile ekwakhiweni kwezinkundla ezifana ne-Mewayz. Lapho ukusebenza kwebhizinisi lakho kuhlanganiswe ne-OS eyimojuli, unezingxenye ezihambayo ezingenakubalwa—amamojula e-CRM axhumana namathuluzi okuphatha amaphrojekthi, amasistimu wokusungula avunyelaniswa nezinkundla ze-e-commerce. Uma lokhu kusebenzisana bekuvunyelanisiwe, ukubambezeleka kusevisi eyodwa bekungabangela ukulibaziseka kokulibaziseka kuwo wonke umsebenzi wakho. Ngokwakhela phezu kwezimiso ze-async, i-Mewayz iqinisekisa ukuthi izinqubo zingaqalisa bese ziqhubeka ngokuzimela, okwenza ibhizinisi lakho le-OS libe uketshezi futhi lingavimbi, kufane nomshini ogcotshwe kahle lapho igiya ngalinye lijika ngaphandle kokulinda elinye.

Izinzuzo Ezisebenzayo Zengqondo Ye-Async-First

Ukwamukela indlela engavumelaniyo, kungaba ngekhodi noma kumklamo wenqubo yebhizinisi, kuletha ukuthuthuka okubambekayo.

• Ukuphendula Okuthuthukisiwe: Isixhumi esibonakalayo somsebenzisi noma isixhumi esibonakalayo sesistimu kuhlala kushesha futhi kusebenzisana, ngisho noma imisebenzi yangemuva isebenza.
• Ukukala Okuthuthukisiwe: Amasistimu angakwazi ukuphatha inombolo ephezulu kakhulu yemisebenzi ngesikhathi esisodwa ngaphandle kokudinga ukukhushulwa okulinganiselwe kwezinsiza zehadiwe.
• Ukusetshenziswa Okuphumelelayo Kwensiza: Imijikelezo ye-CPU nenkumbulo ayimoshi ngokulinda okungenzi lutho, okuholela ekusebenzeni kahle kakhulu futhi okungabizi kakhulu.
• Ukuqina: Ukwehluleka noma ukunensa engxenyeni eyodwa mancane amathuba okuthi kukhubaze yonke isistimu, njengoba ezinye izingxenye zingaqhubeka nomsebenzi wazo.

Ukuhlelwa kwe-Async akukona ukuhambisana kwemali; imayelana nokuphatha ukubambezeleka. Umgomo uwukugwema ukukhokhela ukubambezeleka lapho ungadingeki. 'Ufaka' isikhathi sokulinda emuva kushejuli yesistimu, uguqule isikhathi esifile sibe isikhathi sokukhiqiza.

Ukusebenzisa Isimiso Ekusebenzeni Kwebhizinisi Lakho

Umqondo "wesikhathi sokujova" awukhawulelwe emigqeni yekhodi. Kungumqondo onamandla wokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwebhizinisi. Cabangela ukugeleza komsebenzi okugunyazayo. Imodeli ehambisanayo izomisa iphrojekthi kuze kube yilapho umphathi enikeza ukukhanya okuluhlaza. Imodeli engavumelanisiwe izovumela iqembu ukuthi liqhubeke nokusebenza kweminye imisebenzi yokulungiselela kuyilapho ukugunyazwa kusalindiwe. Isikhathi esidingekayo ukuze kugunyazwe "sifakwe" ekuhambeni komsebenzi ngaphandle kokumisa enye inqubekelaphambili.

Lapha kulapho inkundla efana ne-Mewayz ikhanya khona ngempela. Idizayini yayo ye-modular ikuvumela ukuthi wenze imodeli yalokhu kugeleza kokusebenza kokuqala kwe-async ngokucacile. Ungasetha okuzenzakalelayo okucupha izenzo bese uqhubekela phambili, uqoqe imiphumela kamuva. Ithikithi losekelo lwekhasimende lingafakwa, futhi ngenkathi isistimu ilinde umsebenzi ozokwenziwa okhethekile, ingaqoqa ngokuzenzakalelayo umlando wekhasimende, ibhale ukusebenzelana, futhi yazise amaqembu ephrojekthi ahlobene—konke ngaphandle kokuvinjwa. Ngokwamukela ifilosofi ye-async, i-Mewayz ikusiza ukuthi wakhe ibhizinisi elingasheshi nje kuphela, kodwa elihlakaniphile nelisebenza kahle kakhulu, eliguqula izikhathi zokulinda ezingenakugwema zibe amathuba enqubekelaphambili efanayo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Isingeniso: Inkohliso Yesikhathi Esifanayo

Emhlabeni wethu oxhumeke kakhulu, sivamise ukwenza iphutha lokuxhumana okusheshayo njengomsebenzi ophumelelayo. Silindele izimpendulo ezisheshayo ku-Slack, idatha esheshayo evela kukholi ye-API, nezibuyekezo zesikhathi sangempela kumadeshibhodi ethu. Lokhu kulindelwe ngokushesha, nokho, kudala umgoqo obalulekile. Uma ingxenye yesistimu kufanele ilinde ithule ukuze enye iphendule, ukuqhubeka kuyama. Lena inkinga ewumnyombo exazululwa yizinhlelo ze-asynchronous, hhayi ngokwenza izinto zisheshe, kodwa ngokujova ngobuhlakani insiza engasetshenziswa kakhulu kunabo bonke: isikhathi.

Kusho Ukuthini "Ukujova Isikhathi" Empeleni?

Cabanga ngompheki omatasa ekhishini. Indlela ehambisanayo, noma evimbayo, ingafana nokubilisa i-pasta nokuma uqine phambi kwebhodwe, ubuke futhi ulinde ukuthi upheke, ungakwazi ukuqoba imifino noma ukulungisa isoso. Lokhu kuwukumosha okukhulu kwamandla ompheki. Indlela ye-asynchronous iwuphawu lompheki ochwepheshe: bafaka i-pasta emanzini abilayo, babeka i-timer, bese ngokushesha baphendule ukunaka kwabo eminye imisebenzi ebucayi-ukusika, ukuthungatha, ukugcoba. Umpheki akakawasheshisi amanzi abilayo; esikhundleni salokho, bajove "isikhathi" i-pasta esidinga ukuyipheka ibuyele endleleni yabo yokusebenza, okuvumela omunye umsebenzi okhiqizayo ukuba wenzeke phakathi naleso sikhathi sokulinda.

Amandla Ezinhlelo Ezingavimbeli

Izinzuzo zale paradigm zinwebeka ngale kwesivinini nje. Ngokudizayina amasistimu angavimbi, sakha izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinamandla kakhudlwana, ezikalayo, nezisabelayo. Iseva yewebhu esebenzisa ukuhlelwa kwe-asynchronous ingaphatha izinkulungwane zokuxhunywa ngasikhathi sinye ngezinsiza ezincane ngenxa yokuthi ayinikeli lonke uchungechunge kumsebenzisi ngamunye omane elinde ukuthi umbuzo wesizindalwazi uqedelwe. Le mvelo engavimbeli iyisisekelo sezinhlelo zokusebenza zesimanje, zesikhathi sangempela.

Izinzuzo Ezisebenzayo Zengqondo Ye-Async-First

Ukwamukela indlela engavumelaniyo, kungaba ngekhodi noma kumklamo wenqubo yebhizinisi, kuletha ukuthuthuka okubambekayo.

Ukusebenzisa Isimiso Ekusebenzeni Kwebhizinisi Lakho

Umqondo "wesikhathi sokujova" awukhawulelwe emigqeni yekhodi. Kungumqondo onamandla wokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwebhizinisi. Cabangela ukugeleza komsebenzi okugunyazayo. Imodeli ehambisanayo izomisa iphrojekthi kuze kube yilapho umphathi enikeza ukukhanya okuluhlaza. Imodeli engavumelanisiwe izovumela iqembu ukuthi liqhubeke nokusebenza kweminye imisebenzi yokulungiselela kuyilapho ukugunyazwa kusalindiwe. Isikhathi esidingekayo ukuze kugunyazwe "sifakwe" ekuhambeni komsebenzi ngaphandle kokumisa enye inqubekelaphambili.