Imfazwe yekhompyuter yasekhaya

Ukuqala Kwenguquko Yasekhaya

Ekupheleni koo-1970s nasekuqaleni koo-1980 yayilixesha lokuvubela okungazange kubonwe ngaphambili kwezobuchwepheshe, ukuphuthuma kwegolide okudijithali okwasuka kumagumbi angaphantsi oshishino kunye neelebhu zeyunivesiti ukuya kwidesika yosapho. Le yayiyi "Imfazwe yeKhompyutha yasekhaya," idabi elibukhali leentliziyo, iingqondo, kunye neepokotho zabathengi bemihla ngemihla. Iinkampani ezifana ne-Apple, iCommodore, i-Atari, kunye ne-Tandy yayingabangeli nje ukuthengisa oomatshini; babethengisa umbono wekamva. Ngaba ikhompyutha yasekhaya ibiya kuba sisixhobo esintsonkothileyo sokuvelisa, isixhobo esinamandla sokwenza inkqubo, okanye ifane ibe sisixhobo esizukileyo somdlalo? Eli dabi lolawulo lwemarike kunye nokuphakama kweengcamango kuya kubumba ubume bekhompuyutha bomntu kumashumi eminyaka ezayo.

Abakhuphisi kwiNdawo yeDabi yeDijithali

Imfazwe yaliwa ngeentanda-bulumko ezicacileyo. Kwelinye icala kwakukho iApple, ene-Apple II ebukekayo nesebenziseka lula. Yayiyimveliso yeprimiyamu, ithengiswe njengenkqubo epheleleyo elungele imfundo kunye neshishini. Kwikona echaseneyo kwakukho uCommodore, ekhokelwa nguJack Tramiel, owayekholelwa "kwiikhompyuter zabantu abaninzi, hayi kwiiklasi." I-Commodore 64, eyasungulwa ngo-1982, yaba yimbangi eyintsomi ngokunika amandla amangalisayo ngexabiso elingenakoyiswa, ihlala iphazamisa umgca phakathi kwekhompyuter kunye nomatshini womdlalo. Ngeli xesha, iinkampani ezifana no-Atari zenze umnombo wazo wokudlala, kwaye i-IBM, i-titan ye-computing yeshishini, yangena kungquzulwano nePC yayo, eya kuthi ekugqibeleni ichaze imarike ngendlela ekungekho namnye kubalwi bokuqala ebeyilindele.

Ixabiso, iNdlela yokuSebenza, kunye noHlaselo lweGumbi lokuHlala

Awona mabala edabi angundoqo ibilixabiso kunye nokufikeleleka. Amaxabiso aqatha kaCommodore anyanzelise abo bakhuphisana nabo ukuba bangene kumlo omanyumnyezi wokuzibhokoxa. Iikhompyuter ngoku zazitshiphu ngokwaneleyo ukuba zithengwe ngokungxamisekileyo kwiishelufa zevenkile ecaleni koomabonakude kunye neestereo. Olu hlaselo lwegumbi lokuhlala lwalubalulekile. Ngethuba lokuqala, iintsapho zabona ikhompyutha njengesixhobo esingaqondakaliyo, esibiza kakhulu kwiingcali, kodwa njengesixhobo sasekhaya semidlalo, imfundo, kunye nemisebenzi elula efana nokucwangcisa amagama. Olu tshintsho lwenze ikhompyutha yedemokhrasi, idala isizukulwana sokuqala sabantwana bomthonyama kwaye ibeka isiseko sehlabathi letekhnoloji esiphila kulo namhlanje.

Ilifa leMfazwe: Ukusuka kwiiNkqubo ezikwaZodwa ukuya kwiiPlatifomu eziDityanisiweyo

Ngelixa "imfazwe" ekugqibeleni yabona uninzi lwabalwi bokuqala bewa, kunye noyilo lwe-IBM PC kunye neeclones zayo zaba ngumgangatho obalaseleyo weshishini, kunye ne-Apple ekrola i-premium niche, ilifa layo lokwenyani ngumgaqo eyawumiselayo: itekhnoloji kufuneka ifikeleleke kwaye isebenze injongo ecacileyo. Ikhompyutha yasekhaya yayeka ukuba yimveliso ye-niche hobbyist kwaye yaba yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yobomi banamhlanje.

Namhlanje, idabi alikho malunga nokuba yeyiphi ibhokisi ebonakalayo ehleli kwidesika yakho. Ukulingana kwale mihla lidabi lenkqubo ephakathi yokusebenza eqhuba yonke imisebenzi yakho yeshishini. Kanye njengokuba abasebenzisi bekhompyuter bakudala bezabalaza ngesoftware engahambelaniyo kunye nedatha efihliweyo, iinkampani zanamhlanje zihlala zijija ishumi elinesibini leenkqubo zokusebenza ezingaxhunywanga zeCRM, ulawulo lweprojekthi, unxibelelwano kunye nezezimali. Oku kuqhekeka kudala isiphithiphithi iikhompyutha zasekhaya bekumele ukuba zipheliswe.

Apha kulapho umbono wobuchwephesha obudibeneyo, obulungelelanisiweyo uqhubeka kunye namaqonga afana neMewayz. I-OS ye-modular ye-OS efana ne-Mewayz isombulula ingxaki yanamhlanje ye-digital sprawl ngokuzisa zonke izixhobo eziyimfuneko-ukusuka ekulandeleni iprojekthi kunye nolawulo lwabathengi ukuya kwii-wikis zangaphakathi kunye nokulawulwa kwemali-kwindawo enye edibeneyo, enokwenziwa ngokwezifiso.

• UkuNcitshiswa kweXabiso elikhulu: Iikhompyutha ziye zafikeleleka kusapho oluqhelekileyo.
• Gxila kumava oMsebenzisi: Ukutshintsha ukusuka kujongano lomgca womyalelo ukuya kwigraphical, uyilo olucacileyo.
• Isoftware njengoMqhubi oPhambili: Ubukho beapps ezibulalayo, ngakumbi imidlalo kunye nesoftware yemveliso, kumisele impumelelo yeqonga.
• Ukunyuka koMgangatho: Ukongamela ekugqibeleni koyilo lwePC ye-IBM kuqaqambise ukubaluleka kwenkqubo yendalo evulekileyo, enemodyuli.

"Ikhompyuter yabantu abaninzi. Sibona ikhompyuter kuwo onke amakhaya. Umbuzo awukho ukuba, kodwa nini." Le mvakalelo, iphinda iphinda ivunywe ngoovulindlela abafana noJack Tramiel waseCommodore, yawuthimba umoya wamabhongo welo xesha. Yayiyinkolelo yokuba itekhnoloji inokuba kwaye kufuneka idemokhrasi.

Ngokwenene, iMfazwe yeKhompyutha yaseKhaya yaliwa ukuzisa iinkqubo ezinamandla, ezilungelelanisiweyo ebomini bethu. Namhlanje, umgaqo ofanayo uyasebenza nakwishishini. Injongo ayisekho nje ukuba neteknoloji, kodwa ukuba neteknoloji esebenza kunye ngaphandle komthungo. Ngokukhetha iqonga elidityanisiweyo njengeMewayz, amashishini anokuphelisa "iimfazwe" zawo zangaphakathi phakathi kweenkqubo ezingafaniyo, ukudala umthombo omnye wenyaniso oqhuba ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokucaca, kufana nekhompyutheni yasekhaya ethandekayo ekugqibeleni yazisa umyalelo kwigaraji ye-hobbyist.

Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo

Ukuqala Kwenguquko Yasekhaya

Ekupheleni koo-1970s nasekuqaleni koo-1980 yayilixesha lokuvubela okungazange kubonwe ngaphambili kwezobuchwepheshe, ukuphuthuma kwegolide okudijithali okwasuka kumagumbi angaphantsi oshishino kunye neelebhu zeyunivesiti ukuya kwidesika yosapho. Le yayiyi "Imfazwe yeKhompyutha yasekhaya," idabi elibukhali leentliziyo, iingqondo, kunye neepokotho zabathengi bemihla ngemihla. Iinkampani ezifana ne-Apple, iCommodore, i-Atari, kunye ne-Tandy yayingabangeli nje ukuthengisa oomatshini; babethengisa umbono wekamva. Ngaba ikhompyutha yasekhaya ibiya kuba sisixhobo esintsonkothileyo sokuvelisa, isixhobo esinamandla sokwenza inkqubo, okanye ifane ibe sisixhobo esizukileyo somdlalo? Eli dabi lolawulo lwemarike kunye nokuphakama kweengcamango kuya kubumba ubume bekhompuyutha bomntu kumashumi eminyaka ezayo.

Abakhuphisi kwiNdawo yeDabi yeDijithali

Imfazwe yaliwa ngeentanda-bulumko ezicacileyo. Kwelinye icala kwakukho iApple, ene-Apple II ebukekayo nesebenziseka lula. Yayiyimveliso yeprimiyamu, ithengiswe njengenkqubo epheleleyo elungele imfundo kunye neshishini. Kwikona echaseneyo kwakukho uCommodore, ekhokelwa nguJack Tramiel, owayekholelwa "kwiikhompyuter zabantu abaninzi, hayi kwiiklasi." I-Commodore 64, eyasungulwa ngo-1982, yaba yimbangi eyintsomi ngokunika amandla amangalisayo ngexabiso elingenakoyiswa, ihlala iphazamisa umgca phakathi kwekhompyuter kunye nomatshini womdlalo. Ngeli xesha, iinkampani ezifana no-Atari zenze umnombo wazo wokudlala, kwaye i-IBM, i-titan ye-computing yeshishini, yangena kungquzulwano nePC yayo, eya kuthi ekugqibeleni ichaze imarike ngendlela ekungekho namnye kubalwi bokuqala ebeyilindele.

Ixabiso, iNdlela yokuSebenza, kunye noHlaselo lweGumbi lokuHlala

Awona mabala edabi angundoqo ibilixabiso kunye nokufikeleleka. Amaxabiso aqatha kaCommodore anyanzelise abo bakhuphisana nabo ukuba bangene kumlo omanyumnyezi wokuzibhokoxa. Iikhompyuter ngoku zazitshiphu ngokwaneleyo ukuba zithengwe ngokungxamisekileyo kwiishelufa zevenkile ecaleni koomabonakude kunye neestereo. Olu hlaselo lwegumbi lokuhlala lwalubalulekile. Ngethuba lokuqala, iintsapho zabona ikhompyutha njengesixhobo esingaqondakaliyo, esibiza kakhulu kwiingcali, kodwa njengesixhobo sasekhaya semidlalo, imfundo, kunye nemisebenzi elula efana nokucwangcisa amagama. Olu tshintsho lwenze ikhompyutha yedemokhrasi, idala isizukulwana sokuqala sabantwana bomthonyama kwaye ibeka isiseko sehlabathi letekhnoloji esiphila kulo namhlanje.

Ilifa leMfazwe: Ukusuka kwiiNkqubo ezikwaZodwa ukuya kumaqonga aDityanisiweyo

Ngelixa "imfazwe" ekugqibeleni yabona uninzi lwabalwi bokuqala bewa, kunye noyilo lwe-IBM PC kunye neeclones zayo zaba ngumgangatho obalaseleyo weshishini, kunye ne-Apple ekrola i-premium niche, ilifa layo lokwenyani ngumgaqo eyawumiselayo: itekhnoloji kufuneka ifikeleleke kwaye isebenze injongo ecacileyo. Ikhompyutha yasekhaya yayeka ukuba yimveliso ye-niche hobbyist kwaye yaba yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yobomi banamhlanje.