Bonisa HN: Vertex.js – A 1kloc SPA Framework

Ukunyuka kweMicro-Frameworks: Kutheni abaPhuhlisi beYala iSixhobo seJavaScript esiBloated

Umphuhlisi usandul 'ukuthumela isakhelo sesicelo sephepha elilodwa elakhiwe malunga nemigca ye-1,000 yekhowudi kwi-Hacker News, kwaye impendulo yayiyi-electric. Iprojekthi - isakhelo se-SPA esincinci - silawule ingxoxo eqhubekayo kuluntu lophuhliso lwewebhu iminyaka: ngaba izixhobo zethu ziba nzima kakhulu kwiingxaki abazisombululayo? Xa ilayibrari engundoqo ye-React, i-router yayo, i-state management layer, kunye nezixhobo zayo zokwakha ngokudibeneyo zinobunzima kumakhulu amawaka emigca yekhowudi, isakhelo esihambisa indlela, ukusebenza kwakhona, kunye nonikezelo lwecandelo kwimigca nje ye-1,000 inyanzelisa umbuzo ongathandekiyo. Kumashishini akha izicelo ezijongana nabathengi, impendulo yalo mbuzo ineziphumo zokwenyani - ngamaxesha omthwalo, imveliso yomphuhlisi, kunye neendleko zokulondolozwa kwexesha elide.

Siyintoni iSakhelo soMlayini we-1,000 ongqina ngokwenene

Ingcamango ye-micro-framework ayikho ntsha. I-Backbone.js yayimalunga ne-1,800 yemigca yekhowudi yomthombo xa yayiqala ngo-2010. I-Mithril.js ihambisa ngaphantsi kwe-10KB gzipped. Yintoni eyenza ungeno olutsha ngalunye kolu luhlu luphawuleke ayingomgca wokubala ngokwawo kodwa yintoni eyityhilayo malunga nemeko yangoku ye-APIs yesikhangeli. Iibhrawuza zale mihla zithunyelwa ngenkxaso yemveli yeethempleyithi zethemplate, iAPI yeMbali, ukusebenza okusekwe kwiProxy, izinto zesiko, kunye nokulayishwa kwemodyuli. Kwiminyaka elishumi edlulileyo, izikhokelo bezifuna amawaka emigca nje ukwenza umahluko phakathi kwe-Internet Explorer kunye neChrome. Namhlanje, umphuhlisi onesakhono unokwakha isakhelo se-SPA esisebenza ngokupheleleyo njengomaleko obhityileyo we-okhestration phezu kwezinto zokuqala zeqonga.

Oku kubalulekile kuba isusa incoko ekubeni "sesiphi isakhelo esifanele sikhethe?" ukuba "sifuna isakhelo konke konke?" Kwiiprojekthi ezincinci ukuya kweziphakathi - iphepha lokufika elinamacandelo ashukumisayo, ideshibhodi yangaphakathi, i-portal yabathengi - impendulo iyanda: mhlawumbi akunjalo, okanye ubuncinane ayisinzima. Isakhelo somgca we-1,000 bubungqina bokuba iqonga likhulile kangangokuba umsebenzi wesakhelo ucutheka.

Kakade, izikhokelo ezifana neReact kunye ne-Vue zisafumana ubunzima bazo kwizicelo ezinkulu ezinemithi yelizwe entsonkothileyo, iimfuno zonikezelo lwe-server-side, kunye namaqela abaphuhlisi abangama-20+ abaxhamla kwiindibano eziqinileyo. Ukuqonda okuphambili kukuba isixhobo esilungileyo sixhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kububanzi bengxaki.

Ixabiso lokwenyani leJavaScript Bloat

Uphando lukaGoogle lubonise ngokungaguqukiyo ukuba zonke ii-milliseconds eziyi-100 zexesha lomthwalo elongezelelweyo linokunciphisa amazinga okuguqulwa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-7%. Iphepha lewebhu eliphakathi ngoku lithumela ngenqanawa ngaphezulu kwe-500KB yeJavaScript - umzobo ophantse waphinda kathathu ukusukela ngo-2015. Kumashishini, oku ayisiyo metric yokusebenza abstract. Iguqulela ngokuthe ngqo kwingeniso elahlekileyo, izinga eliphezulu lokutsiba, kunye nomgangatho ombi wenjini yokukhangela.

Ingxaki idityaniswe kwiinethiwekhi eziphathwayo. Umsebenzisi kuluhlu oluphakathi lwesixhobo se-Android esidibanisa ngaphezulu kwe-3G unokulinda imizuzwana emi-5-8 ukuba iphepha leJavaScript elinzima lisebenze, nasemva kokuba i-HTML yokuqala inikezelwe. Oku kohlwaya ngokukodwa kumashishini akhonza abathengi kwiimalike ezisahlumayo, apho ukhangelo lwe-mobile-yokuqala luyinto eqhelekileyo kunye neziseko zothungelwano zohluka kakhulu.

• Ixesha lokwahlulahlula: Iinyanda zeJavaScript ezinkulu zithatha ixesha elide ukucazululwa kwaye ziqokelelwe, naphambi kokuba kuphunyezwe umgca omnye wekhowudi yesicelo
• Uxinzelelo lwenkumbulo: Isakhelo esintsonkothileyo sangaphakathi sisebenzisa inkumbulo enokusetyenziswa sisicelo ngokwaso
• Hlaziya ukudinwa: Uphuculo lwesakhelo esingundoqo (i-Angular 1 ukuya ku-2, i-Vue 2 ukuya ku-3, i-React components to hook) inyanzelisa iinzame zokufuduka ezineendleko eziphezulu rhoqo emva kweminyaka emi-2-3
• Amatyathanga okuxhomekeka: Isiqulathi seefayili ze-React React node_modules zeprojekthi ziqulathe iipakethe ezingama-800-1,200, nganye kuzo inokuba sesichengeni sokhuseleko okanye ukwaphulwa kotshintsho
• Yakha ubunzima: I-Webpack, i-Babel, i-PostCSS, kunye neefayile zabo zoqwalaselo zihlala zidlula ikhowudi yesicelo abayisebenzisayo

IMicro-frameworks ityeshela uninzi lweendleko. Ngokutsalwa okumbalwa, kukho izinto ezimbalwa ekufuneka ziqhawuke, ukuxhomekeka kuphicotho-zincwadi, kunye neebytes ezimbalwa zokuthunyelwa kwisikhangeli. Kwishishini elidinga ubukho bewebhu obukhawulezayo, obuthembekileyo ngaphandle kweqela elizinikeleyo leziseko ezingundoqo, izibalo ziya zithandeka lula.

Kutheni i-Developer Community isahlulwa

Ingxoxo yeNdaba zeHacker ejikeleze izikhokelo ezincinci ze-SPA zivelisa ngokuthembekileyo iinkampu ezimbini ezichaseneyo. Kwelinye icala ngabaphuhlisi abachithe iminyaka kwiikhowudi ezinkulu ezakhelwe kwi-React okanye kwi-Angular kwaye bazibonele ngokwabo ukuba isakhelo esintsonkothileyo sidibanisa njani ixesha. Baye babukela iimpawu ezilula ibhaluni kwimisebenzi yeentsuku ezininzi ngenxa yokuba imimiselo yesakhelo ifuna ukuchukumisa ukulungelelaniswa kwe-router, i-boilerplate yolawulo lukarhulumente, kunye neentambo zokuvavanya ezihlekisayo zangaphakathi. Kwaba baphuhlisi, isakhelo somgca we-1,000 simele inkululeko - ukubuya ekuqondeni yonke ikhowudi yekhowudi esebenza kwisicelo sabo.

Ngakwelinye icala kukho iipragmatists ezibonisa ukuba izikhokelo zikhona ngenxa yokuba izicelo zehlabathi zangempela ekugqibeleni zifuna oko zibonelela ngazo: izixhobo zokufikeleleka, ukuthengiswa kwamanye amazwe, ukwahlula ikhowudi, ukunikezelwa kwe-server-side, kunye nombhobho wokuqesha abaphuhlisi abasele besazi isixhobo. I-micro-framework inokuba mnandi kwiprojekthi yempelaveki, bayaxoxa, kodwa zama ukukhwela iqela labantu abahlanu kwi-bespoke ye-codebase yomgca we-1,000 ngaphandle kweempendulo zokuPhuma kweSitaki kwaye akukho maxwebhu asemthethweni.

Omabini amacala anamanqaku afanelekileyo, kwaye inyaniso kukuba ukhetho lunomxholo. Umseki oyedwa wokwakha i-MVP unezidingo ezahlukeneyo ngokwesiseko kuneqela leshishini eligcina isicelo esineminyaka emihlanu ubudala. Ingozi ilele ekusebenziseni izisombululo zeshishini kwiingxaki zokuqalisa, okanye izixhobo zokuqalisa kwimingeni yeshishini.

Yintoni efunwa ngamashishini angoku kwiTechstack yawo

Ingxoxo yesakhelo ekugqibeleni ngummeli wombuzo omkhulu: amashishini kufuneka abele njani izibonelelo zabo zobugcisa ezilinganiselweyo? Iyure nganye umphuhlisi ayichithayo elungiselela umbhobho wokwakha okanye ukufudukela kuguqulelo lwesakhelo esitsha yiyure engachithwanga iimpawu zokwakha ezinceda abathengi. Kumashishini amaninzi - ngakumbi imisebenzi emincinci kunye nephakathi - ukhetho olufanelekileyo lweteknoloji lolo lunciphisa umsantsa phakathi "ndinombono" kunye "nabathengi bayayisebenzisa."

Esona sigqibo sobuchwephesha esinokwenziwa lishishini elikhulayo kukukhetha izixhobo ezisombulula iingxaki zanamhlanje ngaphandle kokudala umthwalo wokulungisa wangomso. Nokuba oko kuthetha isikhokelo somgca we-1,000 okanye iqonga elilawulwa ngokupheleleyo, injongo iyafana: chitha ixesha lakho kwinto eyenza ishishini lakho libe lodwa, hayi kwiziseko ezingundoqo ezifunwa lishishini ngalinye.

Lo mgaqo udlulela ngaphaya kwezikhokelo ze-frontend. Amashishini ahlala akha kwakhona iinkqubo ezifanayo zokubuyela umva - ukuqinisekiswa komsebenzisi, ukusetyenzwa kwentlawulo, iCRM, i-invoyisi, ukucwangcisa - kuba isitaki sabo setekhnoloji esikhethiweyo siyayifuna. Amaqonga afana Mewayz akhona ncakasana ukuze aphelise lo msebenzi uphindaphindwayo, anikezela ngeemodyuli ezingama-207 ezakhiwe kwangaphambili ezigubungela yonke into ukusuka kwiCRM kunye nokuhlawula ukuya kwiinkqubo zokubhukisha kunye nohlalutyo. Ifilosofi efanayo eqhubela abaphuhlisi ukuya kwi-micro-frameworks - yenza okungakumbi ngokuncinci, ukuphelisa ukuntsonkotha okungafunekiyo - iqhubela amashishini kwiiplatifti ezidityanisiweyo ezithatha indawo yobhaliso lwe-SaaS ngenkqubo enye.

I-Framework Spectrum: Ukufumana indawo yakho eSweet

Kunokuba uphathe ukhetho lwesakhelo njengebinary — mega-framework okanye micro-framework — iyanceda ukucinga ngokwe spectrum. Kwesinye isiphelo, une-vanilla JavaScript ene-zero abstractions. Kwelinye icala, unemeta-isakhelo ezigcweleyo ezifana ne-Next.js okanye i-Nuxt ephethe indlela, unikezelo, ukulanda idatha, kunye nokusasazwa. Iiprojekthi ezininzi zezakho kwindawo embindini.

Kwisayithi yokuthengisa ejongene nomxumi enezinto ezimbalwa ezisebenzisanayo, isakhelo esincinci okanye i-Alpine.js-style inline reactivity inokuba yinto efanelekileyo. Kwideshibhodi ye-SaaS entsonkothileyo enedatha yexesha langempela, iimvume ezisekelwe kwindima, kunye nenkxaso engaxhunyiwe kwi-intanethi, isakhelo esivuthiweyo esine-ecosystem etyebileyo sixabisa ngaphezulu. Impazamo kukungagqibeki kolona khetho lunzima kuba lolona ludumileyo, okanye alugqibekanga kolona lukhaphukhaphu kuba lolona lwanelisayo ngokwasengqondweni.

Uvavanyo olusebenzayo luthe ngqo: dwelisa yonke into efunekayo kwisicelo sakho kwiinyanga ezili-12 ezizayo. Ukuba i-micro-framework igquma i-90% yezo mfuno kwaye unga-roll ngesandla i-10% eseleyo ngexesha elingaphantsi kunelo obuya kulichitha ekuqwalaseleni isakhelo esikhulu, i-micro-framework iyaphumelela. Ukuba uluhlu lwakho lwezinto ezifitshaneyo lubandakanya unikezelo lwecala lomncedisi, uqinisekiso lwefomu entsonkothileyo, i-animation orchestration, kunye nenkxaso enzulu yofikelelo, isakhelo esikhulu esinokuthi sizihlawulele.

IziFundo zabaSeki abangengobuGcisa kunye nabaSebenzi boShishino

Ukuba uqhuba ishishini kwaye iqela lakho lobuchwephesha lixoxa ngezikhokelo, nantsi eyona nto ibalulekileyo. Okokuqala, buza malunga nexesha lokubonisa okokuqala - unokukhawuleza kangakanani umphuhlisi omtsha kwiqela lokuhambisa inguqu enentsingiselo? Ukuba impendulo ibandakanya iintsuku zokuseta okusingqongileyo kunye nokufunda kwesakhelo, olo luphawu lwesilumkiso nokuba yeyiphi na inkqubo ekhethiweyo. Okwesibini, buza malunga nendlela yokuphucula. Izikhokelo ezikhupha iinguqu ezaphukileyo rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezili-18 zinyanzelisa irhafu efihliweyo engafane ibonakale kuvavanyo lokuqala.

Okwesithathu, kwaye okona kubaluleke kakhulu, buza ukuba ngaba ufuna isoftware eyakhelwe-ngokwesiko konke konke malunga nomsebenzi obuzwayo. Amashishini amaninzi atyala iinyanga zexesha lomphuhlisi esakha izixhobo zangaphakathi - iideshibhodi, iinkqubo zeCRM, ukuhamba kwe-invoyisi, ukucwangcisa ujongano - esele ikhona njengemveliso epolishiweyo, egciniweyo. Iqonga elifana ne-Mewayz, elisebenzela abasebenzisi abangaphezu kwe-138,000 kunye neemodyuli ezithatha uluhlu olupheleleyo lwemisebenzi yeshishini, linokuphelisa imfuno yophuhliso lwesiko ngokupheleleyo kwimisebenzi eqhelekileyo yeshishini. Oku kukhulula iqela lakho lophuhliso ukuba ligxile kwimiba eyodwa ngenene yemveliso yakho — iimpawu ezingenako ukubonelela ngesixhobo esingaphandle kweshelufu.

1. Hlola ikhowudi yakho yesiko: Chonga ukuba zeziphi izixhobo zangaphakathi eziphindaphinda ukusebenza okukhoyo kumaqonga akhoyo
2. Bala iindleko eziyinyani: Into kuphuhliso lokuqala kodwa ukugcinwa okuqhubekayo, iipetshi zokhuseleko, kunye nezicelo zesici
3. Vavanya ukudityaniswa: Bala imirhumo yakho ye-SaaS yangoku kwaye uthelekise iindleko ngokuchasene neqonga elihlanganisiweyo
4. Khusela abahluli bakho: Gcina izixhobo zophuhliso lwesiko kwiimpawu ezibeka ishishini lakho ngokwahlukileyo

Ikamva LokuKhetha ngabom

Uchulumanco olujikeleze isikhokelo se-SPA somgca we-1,000 asiyonyani ngesakhelo ngokwaso. Imalunga nentshukumo ekhulayo kuphuhliso lwesoftware ukuya nenjongo - ukukhetha izixhobo kuba zihambelana nengxaki, hayi kuba zilawula imarike. IJavaScript ecosystem ichithe ishumi leminyaka edlulileyo kumdyarho weengalo weempawu kunye nezinto ezithathayo. I-counter-movement, emelwe yi-micro-frameworks, i-HTML ye-server-rendered, kunye ne-platform-native APIs, isilungiso esibhekiselele kwipragmatism.

Kumashishini, olu tshintsho lulungile ngokungathandabuzekiyo. Kuthetha iinketho ezininzi, iindleko ezisezantsi zokutshintsha, kunye nenkcubeko yomphuhlisi exabisa ngakumbi ukulula kunye nesantya ngaphezu kokugqibelela kwethiyori. Nokuba ungusomashishini wedwa okhetha phakathi kweWordPress kunye nesiza esakhelwe ngokwesiko, okanye iCTO ivavanya ukuba uyakha okanye uthenge isixhobo sakho sangaphakathi esilandelayo, umgaqo ofanayo uyasebenza: obona buchwepheshe bungcono buthi bunyamalale ngasemva, bukuvumela ukuba ugxile ekukhonzeni abathengi bakho.

Isikhokelo somgca we-1,000 sisikhumbuza ukuba amandla akafuni ubunzima. Awona mashishini asebenzayo - kunye nezona zixhobo zisebenzayo - ngawona enza kanye oko kufunekayo kwaye akukho nto ingaphaya.

Lawula ishishini lakho ngeMewayz

Mewayz izisa iimodyuli zoshishino ezingama-207 kwiqonga elinye — CRM, i-invoyisi, ulawulo lweprojekthi, nokunye. Joyina abasebenzisi abayi-138,000+ abenze lula ukuhamba kwabo.

Qala Mahala Namhlanje →

Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo

Yintoni i-micro-framework efana ne-Vertex.js?

I-micro-framework lilayibrari yeJavaScript encinci eyilelwe ukuphatha imisebenzi engundoqo yesicelo ngaphandle kobuninzi bezisombululo ezinkulu. I-Vertex.js ifezekisa oku ngokubonelela ngemisebenzi ebalulekileyo ye-SPA-njengomzila kunye nolawulo lwelizwe-malunga ne-1,000 imizila yekhowudi. Oku kuchasene nezicwangciso-nkqubo ezifuna amathala eencwadi ahlukeneyo, anzima kakhulu kumzila okanye urhulumente, ukunciphisa ukuntsonkotha ngokubanzi kunye nokudumba kwiiprojekthi ezincinci.

Kutheni abaphuhlisi besiya kwizixhobo ezilula?

Abaphuhlisi abaninzi banoluvo lokuba izixhobo zeJavaScript zangoku zinzima kakhulu kumndilili weprojekthi. Izakhelo ezinzima zinokuzisa amaxesha okwakha acothayo, umnqantsa wokufunda, kunye neempawu ezingeyomfuneko. Izixhobo ezilula ezifana neVertex.js zibonelela ngamava ophuhliso akhawulezayo, aqondakala ngakumbi ngokujolisa kwiingxaki ezibalulekileyo isikhokelo esifuna ukusonjululwa, ukulungelelaniswa ngcono neemfuno zokwenene zeprojekthi.

Ingaba iVertex.js ifanelekile kwisicelo esikhulu, esintsokothileyo?

I-Vertex.js yenzelwe ikakhulu iiprojekthi ezincinci apho ubulula kunye nentloko esezantsi ingundoqo. Kusetyenziso olukhulu kakhulu, oluntsokothileyo olunamalungu amaninzi asebenzisanayo, isakhelo esineempawu ezityebileyo kunye ne-ecosystem enkulu inokufaneleka ngakumbi. Kumaqela afuna iimodyuli ezibanzi ezakhelwe kwangaphambili, inkonzo efana neMewayz (ebonelela ngeemodyuli ezingama-207 nge-$19/mo) inokubonelela nge-UI eyimfuneko kunye namacandelo asebenzayo anqongopheleyo i-micro-framework.

Ngaba ndisafuna isixhobo sokwakha ngeVertex.js?

Ngelixa i-Vertex.js yona ikhaphukhaphu, kusenokwenzeka ukuba usasebenzisa isixhobo sokwakha kuphuhliso lobungcali. Izixhobo ezifana neVite okanye iPasi ziyimfuneko ukuze uqokelele ikhowudi yakho, uphathe ukuxhomekeka kwe-npm, kwaye wenze iimpawu zeJavaScript zisebenze. Nangona kunjalo, ikhonkco lezixhobo lilonke lihlala lilula kunelo lifunwa zizikhokelo ezikhulu, njengoko unqanda ulawulo oluntsonkothileyo lukarhulumente kunye neendlela zethala leencwadi.

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