Ixesha lokujonga kwakhona: UT1, UTC, NTP kunye ne-NTS

Intshayelelo: Inkohliso yewotshi enye

Kwihlabathi lethu elidityaniswe kakhulu, sisebenza phantsi kwenkohliso ethuthuzelayo yexesha elinye, elimanyeneyo. Sicwangcisa iminxeba yevidiyo enqamlezileyo, isitempu sexesha lentengiselwano yezemali yehlabathi, kunye nolungelelwaniso lwedatha kuzo zonke iiseva kwihlabathi liphela ngentelekelelo yokuba "ngoku" kuvunyelwene ngayo jikelele. Ukanti, emva kobu lula kukho inkqubo entsonkothileyo nenomtsalane yokugcina ixesha, umdaniso oethe-ethe phakathi kobuchwephesha besibhakabhaka nokuchaneka kweathom. Ukuqonda umahluko phakathi kwemigangatho yexesha elifana ne-UT1, i-UTC, kunye neeprothokholi ezifana ne-NTP kunye ne-NTS ezisasazwayo ngundoqo ekuxabiseni isakhelo esingabonakaliyo esigunyazisa ishishini lanamhlanje kunye nobuchwepheshe. Kwiqonga elifana ne-Mewayz, elidibanisa ukuhanjiswa komsebenzi okwahlukeneyo kunye nemijelo yedatha, ixesha elithembekileyo neliyingqamanisi ayiloncedo nje—lisisiseko semfezeko yokusebenza.

ISiseko: I-Astronomical vs. Ixesha leAtom

Ibali logcino lwexesha lwangoku liqala ngeendlela ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zokulinganisa uhambo lwesijikelezi-langa sethu esibhakabhakeni. UT1 (Ixesha le-Universal 1)ngokubalulekileyo ixesha lelanga langoku. Isekwe kujikelezo lokwenyani loMhlaba xa lithelekiswa nelanga, lilinganiswa ngokujonga izinto ezisesibhakabhakeni ezikude. Nangona kunjalo, uMhlaba ngumgcini-xesha ongafezekanga; ukujikeleza kwayo kancinci kancinci ngenxa yamandla olwandle kwaye kunokuchatshazelwa kancinci ziziganeko zokwakheka komhlaba. Umzuzwana we-UT1 awutshintshi ngokugqibeleleyo.

Ngokwahlukileyo, I-UTC (Ixesha eliLungeleleneyo kwiHlabathi liphela) isekwe kwintshukumo engashukumiyo yee-athomu. Ixesha leAtomic yaMazwe ngaMazwe (TAI) libalwa kuthungelwano lwehlabathi lweewotshi zeathom ezichanekileyo. I-UTC ithathwe kwi-TAI kodwa ihlala ngaphakathi kwe-0.9 imizuzwana ye-UT1 ngokusebenzisa inkqubo yeimizuzwana yokuxhuma. Le mizuzwana yokutsiba iye yongezwa ngamanye amaxesha (okanye ithotywe ngokwethiyori) ukuhlawulela ukuguquguquka koMhlaba. I-UTC ngumgangatho osemthethweni wexesha lasekuhlaleni osetyenziswa kwihlabathi jikelele kwiizowuni zexesha, ezichazwa njengezinto ezisuka kwi-UTC. Ibonelela ngesiseko esizinzileyo, esichanekileyo esifunwa lihlabathi lethu ledijithali.

Umthengisi: Lihamba njani ixesha kwi-Intanethi

Ukwazi umgangatho yinto enye; Ukuqinisekisa ukuba yonke ikhompyuter kunye nesixhobo sibambelela kuyo yenye. Lo ngumsebenziIProtokholi yeXesha leNethiwekhi (NTP). I-NTP yenye yezona nkqubo zindala ze-intanethi ezisasetyenziswayo, kwaye isebenza ngongqamaniso lweewotshi ezilungelelanisiweyo kuthungelwano. Izixhobo zibuza iiseva zexesha elimiselweyo, zona ngokwazo ezidityaniswayo kwimithombo yodidi oluphezulu, ekugqibeleni zilandelela umva kwiseva yexesha eliphambili eliqhagamshelwe kwiwotshi yeathom. I-NTP inobugocigoci obumangalisayo, ibala ukubambezeleka kwenethiwekhi ukubala uhlengahlengiso oluchanekileyo lwexesha. Kuyo nayiphi na inkqubo yeshishini, ngakumbi imodyuli ye-OS efana ne-Mewayz exhomekeke ekugawulweni kwemithi ngokuchanekileyo, ulandelelwano lwemisitho, kunye nokulandelela ixesha elibekiweyo, i-NTP ngumgcini othe cwaka wokungaguquguquki.

UmGcini: Ukukhusela umgca wexesha

Njengoko iinkqubo ezibalulekileyo ziye zathembela ngakumbi kwixesha elichanekileyo, ubuthathaka buvele: kuthekani ukuba umthombo wexesha unobungozi? Iseva ye-NTP ekhohlakeleyo okanye uhlaselo lomntu ophakathi lungondla idatha yexesha elingeyonyani, enokuthi iphazamise imisebenzi, ibangele ubalo lwemali olugwenxa, okanye ukuphazamisa iziqinisekiso zokhuseleko ezixhomekeke kwizitampu zexesha ezichanekileyo. Oku kwakhokelela ekuphuhlisweniUkhuseleko lweXesha leNethiwekhi (NTS)protocol. I-NTS ibonelela ngobunyani kunye nokhuseleko lwe-cryptographic ye-NTP, iqinisekisa ukuba ulwazi lwexesha esilufumanayo isixhobo luchanekile kwaye aluphazanyiswa. Ngumahluko phakathi kokuthemba umntu ongamaziyo ngexesha kunye nokufumana kumthombo oqinisekisiweyo, otywiniweyo.

• UT1: Ixesha le-Astronomical, ngokusekelwe ekujikelezeni koMhlaba. Ayiqhelekanga kodwa ngokweenkwenkwezi "yinyani."
• UTC: Umgangatho wexesha loluntu, olusekwe kwiiwotshi zeathom kodwa zilungelelaniswe nemizuzwana yokutsiba ukuze uhlale ulungelelene ne-UT1.
• NTP: Iprothokholi ehambisa ixesha le-UTC kuzo zonke iinethiwekhi zekhompyuter, iqinisekisa ulungelelwaniso.
• NTS: Ulwandiso lokhuseleko lwe-NTP olukhusela kuhlaselo olulunya olutshintsha ixesha.

"Ehlabathini eliqhutywa yidatha, ulungelelwaniso lwexesha alukho nje malunga newotshi ebambeneyo; imalunga nokuqinisekisa imbali eyodwa, eqinisekisiweyo yeziganeko. Yinkqubo ethuleyo eyenza ukuthembana kunyuke kuqoqosho lwedijithali. "

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Ukuchaneka kwiNkqubo: UQhagamshelwano lweMewayz

Kutheni le nto ibalulekile kwishishini elisebenza eMewayz? Ngenxa yokuba i-OS yemodyuli yeshishini yi-ecosystem yezicelo ezidibeneyo-ulawulo lweprojekthi, i-CRM, ukuhlawula, kunye nohlalutyo. Ixesha elichanekileyo, elilungelelanisiweyo ngumsonto odibanisa ezi modyuli kunye. Iqinisekisa ukuba intlawulo ifakiwe emva kokuba i-invoyisi ithunyelwe, ukuba umhla wokugqibela weprojekthi uqondwa ngokufanayo ngawo onke amalungu eqela kungakhathaliseki indawo, kwaye iindlela zophicotho zilandelelana ngokungathandabuzekiyo. Ngokwakha kwiisistim ezibeka phambili ungqamaniso olukhuselekileyo kunye nexesha elichanekileyo (NTP nge-NTS), iMewayz ibonelela ngesiseko esizinzile. Oku kuvumela amashishini ukuba agxininise kwizinto ezintsha kunye nokukhula, eqinisekile ukuba i-metric esisiseko yenkqubela phambili-ixesha ngokwalo-lilawulwa ngokuchaneka kwesayensi kunye nokhuseleko oluqinileyo.

Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo

Intshayelelo: Inkohliso yewotshi enye

Kwihlabathi lethu elidityaniswe kakhulu, sisebenza phantsi kwenkohliso ethuthuzelayo yexesha elinye, elimanyeneyo. Sicwangcisa iminxeba yevidiyo enqamlezileyo, isitempu sexesha lentengiselwano yezemali yehlabathi, kunye nolungelelwaniso lwedatha kuzo zonke iiseva kwihlabathi liphela ngentelekelelo yokuba "ngoku" kuvunyelwene ngayo jikelele. Ukanti, emva kobu lula kukho inkqubo entsonkothileyo nenomtsalane yokugcina ixesha, umdaniso oethe-ethe phakathi kobuchwephesha besibhakabhaka nokuchaneka kweathom. Ukuqonda umahluko phakathi kwemigangatho yexesha elifana ne-UT1, i-UTC, kunye neeprothokholi ezifana ne-NTP kunye ne-NTS ezisasazwayo ngundoqo ekuxabiseni isakhelo esingabonakaliyo esigunyazisa ishishini lanamhlanje kunye nobuchwepheshe. Kwiqonga elifana ne-Mewayz, elidibanisa ukuhanjiswa komsebenzi okwahlukeneyo kunye nemijelo yedatha, ixesha elithembekileyo neliyingqamanisi ayiloncedo nje—lisisiseko semfezeko yokusebenza.

ISiseko: I-Astronomical vs. Ixesha leAtom

Ibali logcino lwexesha lwangoku liqala ngeendlela ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zokulinganisa uhambo lwesijikelezi-langa sethu esibhakabhakeni. I-UT1 (iXesha leHlabathi loku-1) ngokusisiseko lixesha langoku lelanga. Isekwe kujikelezo lokwenyani loMhlaba xa lithelekiswa nelanga, lilinganiswa ngokujonga izinto ezisesibhakabhakeni ezikude. Nangona kunjalo, uMhlaba ngumgcini-xesha ongafezekanga; ukujikeleza kwayo kancinci kancinci ngenxa yamandla olwandle kwaye kunokuchatshazelwa kancinci ziziganeko zokwakheka komhlaba. Umzuzwana we-UT1 awutshintshi ngokugqibeleleyo.

Umthengisi: Lihamba Njani Ixesha kwi-Intanethi

Ukwazi umgangatho yinto enye; Ukuqinisekisa ukuba yonke ikhompyuter kunye nesixhobo sibambelela kuyo yenye. Lo ngumsebenzi weProtocol yeXesha leNethiwekhi (NTP). I-NTP yenye yezona nkqubo zindala ze-intanethi ezisasetyenziswayo, kwaye isebenza ngongqamaniso lweewotshi ezilungelelanisiweyo kuthungelwano. Izixhobo zibuza iiseva zexesha elimiselweyo, zona ngokwazo ezidityaniswayo kwimithombo yodidi oluphezulu, ekugqibeleni zilandelela umva kwiseva yexesha eliphambili eliqhagamshelwe kwiwotshi yeathom. I-NTP inobugocigoci obumangalisayo, ibala ukubambezeleka kwenethiwekhi ukubala uhlengahlengiso oluchanekileyo lwexesha. Kuyo nayiphi na inkqubo yeshishini, ngakumbi imodyuli ye-OS efana ne-Mewayz exhomekeke ekugawulweni kwemithi ngokuchanekileyo, ulandelelwano lwemisitho, kunye nokulandelela ixesha elibekiweyo, i-NTP ngumgcini othe cwaka wokungaguquguquki.

UmGcini: Ukukhusela uMda weXesha Njengoko iinkqubo ezibalulekileyo ziye zathembela ngakumbi kwixesha elichanekileyo, kwavela ukuba sesichengeni: kuthekani ukuba umthombo wexesha unobungozi? Iseva ye-NTP ekhohlakeleyo okanye uhlaselo lomntu ophakathi lungondla idatha yexesha elingeyonyani, enokuthi iphazamise imisebenzi, ibangele ubalo lwemali olugwenxa, okanye ukuphazamisa iziqinisekiso zokhuseleko ezixhomekeke kwizitampu zexesha ezichanekileyo. Oku kukhokelele kuphuhliso lwenkqubo yoKhuseleko lweXesha leNethiwekhi (NTS). I-NTS ibonelela ngobunyani kunye nokhuseleko lwe-cryptographic ye-NTP, iqinisekisa ukuba ulwazi lwexesha esilufumanayo isixhobo luchanekile kwaye aluphazanyiswa. Ngumahluko phakathi kokuthemba umntu ongamaziyo kunye nexesha kunye nokufumana kumthombo oqinisekisiweyo, otywiniweyo. I-UT1: Ixesha le-Astronomical, elisekelwe ekujikelezeni koMhlaba. Ayiqhelekanga kodwa ngokweenkwenkwezi "yinyani." I-UTC: Umgangatho wexesha lasekuhlaleni, usekwe kwiiwotshi zeathom kodwa uhlengahlengiswe ngemizuzwana yokuxhuma ukuze uhlale ulungelelene ne-UT1. I-NTP: Iprothokholi ehambisa ixesha le-UTC kuzo zonke iinethiwekhi zekhompyuter, iqinisekisa ungqamaniso. I-NTS: Ulwandiso lokhuseleko lwe-NTP olukhusela kuhlaselo olunolunya olutshintsha ixesha. "Ehlabathini eliqhutywa yidatha, ulungelelwaniso lwexesha alukho nje malunga newotshi ehambelanayo; imalunga nokuqinisekisa imbali eyodwa, eqinisekisiweyo yeziganeko. Yinkqubo ethuleyo eyenza ukuthembana kunyuke kuqoqosho lwedijithali." Ukuchaneka ngokuSebenza: UQhagamshelwano lweMewayz

Kutheni le nto ibalulekile kwishishini elisebenza eMewayz? Ngenxa yokuba i-OS yemodyuli yeshishini yi-ecosystem yezicelo ezidibeneyo-ulawulo lweprojekthi, i-CRM, ukuhlawula, kunye nohlalutyo. Ixesha elichanekileyo, elilungelelanisiweyo ngumsonto odibanisa ezi modyuli kunye. Iqinisekisa ukuba intlawulo ifakiwe emva kokuba i-invoyisi ithunyelwe, ukuba umhla wokugqibela weprojekthi uqondwa ngokufanayo ngawo onke amalungu eqela kungakhathaliseki indawo, kwaye iindlela zophicotho zilandelelana ngokungathandabuzekiyo. Ngokwakha kwiisistim ezibeka phambili ungqamaniso olukhuselekileyo kunye nexesha elichanekileyo (NTP nge-NTS), iMewayz ibonelela ngesiseko esizinzile. Oku kuvumela amashishini ukuba agxininise kwizinto ezintsha kunye nokukhula, eqinisekile ukuba i-metric esisiseko yenkqubela phambili-ixesha ngokwalo-lilawulwa ngokuchaneka kwesayensi kunye nokhuseleko oluqinileyo.