I-GNU Pies-UMcelo weNkqubo kunye noMlawuli woKwenziwa

Ii-GNU Pies (I-Program Invocation and Execution Supervisor) ngumphathi wedaemon onamandla, ovulelekileyo ovela kwiProjekthi ye-GNU eqalayo, ebeka iliso, kwaye iqalise kwakhona iinkonzo eziqhuba ixesha elide kwiinkqubo ezifana ne-Unix. Ukuba isiseko sakho sixhomekeke kwiinkqubo ezininzi zangasemva ekufuneka zihlale ziphila ubusuku nemini, iiPies zibonelela ngenye indlela ekhaphukhaphu, eqhutywa kuqwalaselo kwiinkqubo ze-init ezinzima kunye nabaphathi benkqubo.

Kumaqela asele ejija iinkonzo ezininzi ezincinci, imisebenzi yecron, kunye nezixhobo zangaphakathi, ukuqonda ukuba i-GNU Pies ingena phi kwinkqubo yolawulo-mhlaba inokonga iiyure zokusebenza yintloko ebuhlungu. Apha ngezantsi, sichaza ngokuthe ngqo indlela esebenza ngayo, kutheni kubalulekile, kunye nendlela amaqonga oshishino anamhlanje afana ne-Mewayz azoba kwifilosofi efanayo yokulawula ukugcina iimodyuli ezihlanganisiweyo ezingama-207 zisebenza ngaphandle komthungo kubasebenzisi abangaphezu kwe-138,000.

Yintoni i-GNU Pies kwaye Kutheni kufuneka Ukhathalele?

I-GNU Pies sisixhobo esisebenza njengenkqubo yomzali yomntwana omnye okanye ngaphezulu. Ifunda ifayile yoqwalaselo echazayo, isungula inkonzo nganye echaziweyo, kwaye ngokuqhubekayo ijonge impilo yabo. Xa inkqubo elawulwayo ingqubana okanye iphuma ngokungalindelekanga, iiPies ziyiqalisa ngokutsha ngokwemigaqo echazwe ngumsebenzisi—akukho ngenelelo lwezandla olufunekayo.

Iprojekthi yenziwe nguSergey Poznyakoff njengenxalenye ye-GNU ecosystem ebanzi kwaye isasazwe phantsi kweGNU General Public License. Ngokungafaniyo ne-systemd, ethunyelwa njengenkqubo ye-init edityaniswe ngokuqinileyo kwiindawo ezininzi zokusasazwa kweLinux, iiPies zincinci ngabom. Yenza into enye—yongamela iinkqubo—kwaye iyenza kakuhle. Obo lula buyenza ibe nomtsalane kwiinkqubo ezizinzisiweyo, iiseva zelifa, kunye nayo nayiphi na imeko apho ukutsalwa endaweni epheleleyo ye-init akunakwenzeka okanye kungafuneki.

Kwisiseko sayo, ii-Pies zibandakanya umgaqo osebenza ngokude ngaphaya kolawulo lwenkqubo: ukuthembeka okuzenzekelayo kuphelisa umgudu womntu ophindaphindiweyo. Kwalo mgaqo mnye uqhuba iinkqubo zale mihla zokusebenza zamashishini ezibeka esweni ukuhamba komsebenzi, ukuqalisa izenzo, kunye nokubuyela kwimeko yokusilela ngaphandle kokunyanzela abasebenzi ukuba bagcine umntwana ngalinye inyathelo.

Zinjani iiPayi zeGNU zithelekiswa nabanye abaPhathi beNkqubo?

Ilizwe le-Unix aliboneleli ngabalawuli benkqubo. Ukukhetha okulungileyo kuxhomekeke kwisikali sakho, ubunzima, kunye nezinto ozikhethayo zefilosofi. Nantsi indlela iGNU Pies eqokelelana ngayo ngokuchasene nezinye ezidumileyo:

• I-GNU Pies vs. systemd - i-systemd yinkqubo epheleleyo ye-init elawula lonke ulandelelwano lwe-boot kunye negrafu yenkonzo. Iipayi zikhaphukhaphu kakhulu; ijongana neenkqubo ezikhankanyiweyo zomsebenzisi ngaphandle kokubuyisela i-init yakho. Khetha ii-Pies xa ufuna ulongamelo ekujoliswe kulo ngaphandle kotshintsho lwenkqubo ngokubanzi.
• I-GNU Pies vs. Umphathi (Python) - Umphathi usetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-web deployments kodwa ufuna i-Python runtime. Ii-pie zibhalwe ngo-C, azinaxhomekeki kwitoliki, kwaye zisebenzisa izixhobo ezimbalwa kwi-hardware enyanzelekileyo.
• I-GNU Pies vs. runit – i-runit isebenzisa i-directory-based layout yenkonzo kwaye ingasebenza njenge-PID 1. I-Pies ibeka phakathi ulungelelwaniso kwifayile enye, apho abanye abalawuli bafumana kulula ukuyilawula-inguqulelo kunye nokuphicothwa.
• I-GNU Pies vs. monit - i-monit yongeza ukubeka iliso-mda wemithombo (CPU, imemori, idiski) phezu kolawulo lwenkqubo. Ii-pie zigxile kuphela ekucengeni nasekuqaliseni kwakhona ingqiqo, iyenza ibelula kodwa ingabinanto yokwenza nobutyebi bemeko yokujonga impilo.
• I-GNU Pies vs. s6 - i-s6 yenzelwe ukuthembeka okuphezulu, i-container environments. Ii-pies zijolise ekumiseleni iseva yesiqhelo apho indlela ethe ngqo yoqwalaselo kunye nokuqhuba ikhethwa ngaphezu kwe-s6's ikhonkco lezixhobo ezintsonkothileyo.

Ukuqonda okungundoqo: Oyena mphathi wenkqubo ubalaseleyo ngulowo uhambelana nobunzima bakho bokusebenza. I-GNU Pies ingqina ukuba awudingi isakhelo esinzima ukuze ufezekise i-rock-solid uptime-izixhobo ezigxininisiweyo, uqwalaselo olucacileyo, kunye nokubuyisela ngokuzenzekelayo kuhamba indlela ende. Ifilosofi efanayo iyasebenza ekuqhubeni ishishini: udinga inkqubo ejonga yonke inkqubo ebalulekileyo ukuze kungabikho nto iwela kwiintanda.

Zintoni ezona mpawu zingundoqo kunye noLungiselelo olusisiseko lwe-GNU Pies?

I-GNU Pies ifunda ukuziphatha kwayo kwifayile yoqwalaselo, ngokuqhelekileyo /etc/pies.conf okanye indlela echazwe ngumsebenzisi. Inkonzo nganye elawulwayo ibhengezwa njengecomponentbhloko echaza umyalelo wokuqhuba, uqalise ngokutsha imigaqo-nkqubo, izinto eziguquguqukayo zemekobume, kunye nezikhokelo zokugawulwa kwemithi.

Ubuchule obuphambili buqukaukuzaliswa kwakhona okuzenzekelayo kunye nokulibaziseka okulungisekayo kunye nemida yokuzama kwakhona, ukuxhomekeka kokuxhomekeka ngoko iinkonzo ziqala ngolandelelwano oluchanekileyo, ukuphathwa kwesignaliukuvalwa okubabayo, kunye ne-syslog integration yokugawulwa okuphakathi. Iipayi zisenokwenza ngaphambili ukulungisa ingxaki okanye njengedaemon yangasemva yemveliso.

Isintaksi yoqwalaselo iyafundeka ngabantu kwaye iyafana nezinye iifomati zoqwalaselo lwesimbo se-GNU. Oku kwehlisa ijiko lokufunda kuye nabani na osele ekhululekile ngezixhobo ezifana ne-GNU inetd okanye i-Mailutils. Ngenxa yokuba yonke isethingi ihlala kwifayile yombhalo omnye, amaqela angalandelela utshintsho ngolawulo loguqulelo-umsebenzi obalulekileyo kwiindlela zophicotho kunye nokukwazi ukubuyela umva.

Ingena phi i-GNU Pies kwikamva loLawulo lweNkqubo?

Izikhongozeli kunye namaqonga omculo afana ne-Kubernetes atshintshe uninzi lwenkqubo-umthwalo wokubeka iliso kwizinto ezithathwayo ezikwinqanaba eliphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, iipayi ze-GNU zihlala zifanelekile kwiimeko ezininzi: ukusasazwa kwesinyithi esingenanto apho izikhongozeli zongeza umphezulu ongeyomfuneko, i-IoT kunye nezixhobo ezifakwe ngaphakathi ezinobuncwane obunqongopheleyo, iziseko ezingundoqo zelifa elandulela ukufakwa kweekhonteyina, kunye neemeko zophuhliso apho ukusonta iokhestra epheleleyo kubanda.

Indlela ebanzi yokusebenza icacile-ukuzenzekela, ukuziphilisa, kunye noqwalaselo lokwazisa alusakhetheki. Nokuba ulawula iidaemoni ze-Linux nge-GNU Pies okanye ulawula ishishini lilonke ngeqonga elidityanisiweyo, ulindelo luyafana: chaza imo efunwayo, kwaye uvumele inkqubo iyinyanzelise ngokuqhubekekayo.

I-Mewayz isebenzisa le ngcamango ichanekileyo kwiimodyuli zezoshishino ze-207-ukusuka kwimibhobho ye-CRM kunye ne-invoyisi ukuya ekulandeleni iprojekthi kunye nokuhamba komsebenzi we-HR. Yonke inkqubo ibekwe esweni, yonke into ngaphandle iphawulwe, kwaye amanyathelo okubuyisela avuselelwa ngokuzenzekelayo ukuze iqela lakho ligxile ekukhuleni endaweni yokucisha umlilo.

Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo

Ngaba i-GNU Pies ifanelekile kwimo engqongileyo yemveliso?

Ewe. I-GNU Pies ibiyinxalenye yeProjekthi ye-GNU iminyaka kwaye ilungiselelwe ixesha elide, ukulawulwa kwenkqubo yemveliso. Ukunyathela kwayo okuncinci kunye nengqiqo ye-respawn ezenzekelayo iyenza ibe lukhetho oluthembekileyo kwiiseva ezifuna ixesha eliphezulu ngaphandle kwentloko ye-init epheleleyo yenkqubo. Njengaso nasiphi na isixhobo seziseko ezingundoqo, uvavanyo olucokisekileyo kwindawo yeqonga luyacetyiswa phambi kokuba lusiwe kwimveliso.

Ngaba i-GNU Pies ingalawula iinkonzo ezininzi ngaxeshanye?

Ngokuqinisekileyo. Ungachaza iibhloko zecandelo ezininzi njengoko zifuneka kwifayile yoqwalaselo enye. Ii-pie ziya kusungula, zibeke iliso, kwaye ziqalise kwakhona inkonzo nganye ngokuzimeleyo. Ikwaxhasa uku-odolwa kokuxhomekeka, iqinisekisa ukuba iinkonzo ezixhomekeke kwezinye iinkqubo ziqala ngolandelelwano oluchanekileyo. Esi sithuba seenkonzo ezininzi siso esenza ukuba iiPies zisebenze kulawulo lweseva yelizwe lokwenyani.

Ulongamelo lwenkqubo lunxulumana njani nokuqhuba iqonga loshishino?

Umgaqo osisiseko uyafana: chaza iinkqubo ezibalulekileyo, beka iliso kwimo yazo, kwaye uzibuyisele ngokuzenzekelayo xa kukho into engaphumeleliyo. Kulawulo lwesixokelelwano, oko kuthetha ukuqalisa kwakhona i-daemon ephazamisekileyo. Kwimisebenzi yezoshishino, kuthetha ukubamba ukuhamba komsebenzi we-invoyisi omisiweyo okanye ukulandelela okuphosiweyo kunye nokubangela isenzo esifanelekileyo sokulungiswa. Amaqonga afana ne-Mewayz asebenzisa le pateni yokulawula kuwo onke amasebe-intengiso, ezemali, i-HR, kunye nokusebenza-ngoko akukho nto idlulayo ingabonwa.

Ulungele ukubeka yonke inkqubo yeshishini kwi-autopilot ngendlela iGNU Pies egcina ngayo iiseva zakho zisebenza? Qala simahla kwi-Mewayz kwaye uvumele iimodyuli ezidityanisiweyo eziyi-207 zilawule ukuqhutywa kwakho ukuze iqela lakho ligxile kwezona zinto zibalulekileyo.