umbalaForth

colorForth lulwimi oluncinci, olunekhowudi yombala eyenziwe nguChuck Moore - umqambi weForth - eyilelwe ukuhluba uphuhliso lwesoftware ukuya kwezona zinto zibalulekileyo. Ngokususa iziphumlisi zesivakalisi esiqhelekileyo ngamagama anekhowudi yombala, i-colorForth iphumeza ubulula obucacileyo kunye nokusebenza okugqithisileyo, iyenza ibe lolona lwimi lungaqhelekanga kodwa lunempembelelo kwimbali yekhompyutha.

Yintoni kanye kanye colorForth kwaye Isebenza Njani?

colorForth yaphuhliswa nguChuck Moore ekupheleni koo-1990 njengotshintsho oluthe ngqo lwe-Forth programming language. Apho iilwimi zesiqhelo zixhomekeke kwizibiyeli, iisemikholoni, kunye neziphawuli zamagama angundoqo ukunxibelelana nenjongo yomqokeleli, umbalaForth ufaka iikhowudi olo lwazi kumbala wegama ngalinye. Ikhowudi yemvelaphi ayigcinwanga njengokubhaliweyo okucacileyo kodwa njengolandelelwano lwemiqondiso, nganye inombala wayo njenge metadata.

Amagama aluhlaza aqokelelwe kwisichazi-magama. Amagama abomvu aphunyezwa ngoko nangoko ngexesha lokuqokelela. Amagama atyheli asetyenziswa njengezinto eziguquguqukayo okanye iireferensi zedatha. Amagama amhlophe adlula njengesicatshulwa. Olu guqulelo lwekhowudi luphelisa umaleko wonke wokwahlulahlula ngaphezulu, luvumela itoliki ukuba isebenze ngentsingiselo xa ifunda umqondiso. Isiphumo lulwimi olusebenza kwi-hardware engenanto enophawu olulinganiswa ngeekhilobhayithi — ukunqaba kokwenyani kwikhompuyutha yale mihla.

Kwakutheni ukuze u-Chuck Moore asungule i-colorForth emva kokuba eSekile?

U-Chuck Moore uchithe amashumi eminyaka ephucula i-Forth kwaye ekhula ngokukhungatheka ngokuntsokotha okuye kwaqokelelana ngokuhamba kwexesha — imigangatho yemigangatho, iileya ezihambelanayo, kunye neempawu ezidityanisiweyo eziye zangcungcuthekisa ubuhle boqobo bolwimi. colorForth yaba yimpendulo yakhe: ikhefu elicocekileyo eliye lalahla ukuhambelana ngasemva kulungiselelwa ukusulungeka koyilo.

UMoore wayekholelwa ukuba uninzi lwesoftware inkulu ngokungeyomfuneko kwaye iyacotha kuba abaphuhlisi basebenza ngaphakathi kwenkqubo evuza ubunzima endaweni yokulula. I-colorForth yakhelwe ukubonisa ithisisi echaseneyo - ukuba umdwelisi onobuchule osebenza kufutshane nehardware unokwakha iinkqubo ezinobunkunkqele ngesiseko esincinci, esinokuphicothwa. Ukuphunyezwa kwakhe kwe-colorForth kuqhutywe kwiitshiphusi eziqhelekileyo aziyilele ngokwakhe, echitha umda phakathi kwesoftware kunye nesilicon.

"Injongo ye-colorForth ayifanele isetyenziswe ngumntu wonke - kukubonisa ukuba isoftware inokubonakala njani xa kungekho nto ingafunwayo ibandakanyiweyo." — Ifilosofi yoyilo kaChuck Moore, ihlala ichazwa ngumphakathi we-colorForth.

Yeyiphi iMigaqo enguNdoqo eyenza ukuba umbala uBaluleke?

colorForth yakhelwe phezu kweseti encinci yezibophelelo ezibukhali eziyahlula phantse kulo lonke ulwimi oluqhelekileyo olusetyenziswayo namhlanje. Ukuqonda le migaqo kutyhila ukuba kutheni kuqhubeka ukutsala ufundo olunzulu kubaqulunqi benkqubo kunye neethiyori zolwimi ngokufanayo.

• Umbala njenge-syntax: Ubhalo lwekhowudi olubonakalayo luthatha indawo yobhalo lombhalo, lususa lonke inqanaba lokwahlula kwaye lenze injongo ibonakale kwangoko kubo bobabini umdwelisi wenkqubo kunye nomqokeleli.
• Uphumezo olusekwe kwisitaki: Njenge-Forth, i-colorForth isebenzisa i-postfix (i-Reverse Polish Notation) imodeli yesitaki esusa imfuneko yemithetho ephambili yomsebenzisi kunye nokwahlulwahlulwa kwembonakalo.
• Akukho kuxhomekeka kwinkqubo yokusebenza: colorForth isebenza ngokuthe ngqo kwi-hardware ngaphandle kokufuna umaleko we-OS, yenze yonke inkqubo yokupakisha ibonakale kwaye ihloleke.
• I-minimalism egqithisileyo: Ukuphunyezwa ngokupheleleyo kolwimi, kuquka umhleli kunye netoliki, ingena ngaphantsi kweekhilobhayithi ze-100 - umahluko ocacileyo kwiimeko zanamhlanje zophuhliso ezilinganiswe kwiigigabytes.
• Umdwelisi wenkqubo njengomyili wenkqubo: colorForth ithatha umdwelisi wenkqubo omnye oyiqondayo yonke imigca yenkqubo, egatya iileya ezithathayo ezivumela inkqubo yeqela kodwa ukuziphatha okufihlakeleyo.

I-colorForth ibe nefuthe njani kuyilo loLwimi lweNkqubo yanamhlanje?

colorForth ayizange ifumane ukwamkelwa okuqhelekileyo, kodwa impembelelo yayo iqhuba nzulu kunokuba inani labasebenzisi bayo licebisa. Ihlala kwindawo ekudibanela kuyo imisonto emininzi eye yakhula ngokufanelekileyo kuphuhliso lwesoftware yangoku: ukutyhala kwiindawo ezincinci zohlaselo kwiinkqubo ezibaluleke kakhulu zokhuseleko, ukuvuselelwa kwenkqubo yentsimbi engenanto eqhutywa yihardware efakwe kunye ne-IoT, kunye nophando lwezemfundo kubahleli ababonakalayo kunye nabacwangcisiweyo abagcina iinkqubo njengezakhiwo zedatha kunombhalo.

Iiprojekthi ezifana neetshiphusi zeGreenArrays - iiprosesa zikaMoore eziyilwe ngokukodwa ukuqhuba ikhowudi ye-colorForth-style - yazisa ezi ngcinga kwisilicon ebonakalayo. Ngeli xesha, ingqikelelo ebanzi ye-syntax-ngombala iye yavela kubahleli abacwangcisiweyo bale mihla kunye nee-IDE ezithelekelelwayo ezifana neJetBrains MPS, ezigcina iinkqubo njengemithi ye-syntax engabonakaliyo kuneefayile ezibhaliweyo. colorForth yayilindele olu tshintsho lwezakhiwo kumashumi eminyaka.

Kumashishini okwakha izixhobo zophuhlisi okanye amaqonga angaphakathi, isifundo se-colorForth sicacile: ukwenziwa lula kwe-domain entsonkothileyo kunokwenzeka, kodwa kufuna ukuzimisela ukubuza yonke intelekelelo ezuzwe njengelifa malunga nokuba iinkqubo kufuneka zisebenze njani.

Yintoni enokufundwa ngamashishini angoku kwiColorForth Philosophy?

I-colourForth philosophy — ukususwa ngokungenalusini kobunzima obungeyomfuneko — iguqulela ngokuthe ngqo kwimicelimngeni yokusebenza amashishini anamhlanje ajongana nayo yonke imihla. Uninzi lwemibutho luqokelela izixhobo zesoftware, ukuqhutywa komsebenzi, kunye neenkqubo ngendlela iilwimi zocwangciso zakwangoko zaqokelela isintaksi: isiqwenga esinye ngexesha, de injongo yoqobo ingcwatywe phantsi kweeleya zeendlela zokusebenza.

Impendulo ayisoloko ikwakha ukusuka ekuqaleni, kodwa ukukhetha amaqonga afaka ukulula njengexabiso loyilo kunokuba ucinge emva. Xa ishishini lakho le-OS liphatha iCRM, ulawulo lweprojekthi, ukucwangciswa komxholo, urhwebo lwe-e-commerce, kunye nentsebenziswano yeqela kwindawo enye edibeneyo, ususa irhafu yokudityaniswa ebethelela imibutho edibanisa izixhobo ezinenjongo enye. Loo rhafu yokudibanisa - ixesha, iindleko, kunye nomthwalo wokuqonda wokulawula iinkqubo ezingahambelaniyo - lishishini elilingana nengxolo ye-colorForth's syntactic: iyabiza, ayibonakali, kwaye inokuthintelwa ngokupheleleyo.

Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo

Ingaba colorForth isasetyenziswa okanye iphuhlisiwe namhlanje?

colorForth inoluntu oluncinci kodwa oluzinikeleyo oluqhubeka nokufunda kwaye luyandise, ngakumbi phakathi kwabadwelisi benkqubo abanomdla kwi-hardware yeGreenArrays kunye neenkqubo zetsimbi ezingenanto. U-Chuck Moore wahlala ekhuthele ekuphuhlisweni kwayo de kube yiminyaka yakhe kamva. Ayisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwisoftware yorhwebo kodwa ihlala iyireferensi ephilayo yokuphunyezwa koyilo lolwimi oluncinci.

Ngaba umntu oqalayo ukufunda i-colorForth njengolwimi lokuqala lokuprograma?

colorForth ayikhuthazwa njengolwimi lokuqala. Ithatha ukuqhelana okunzulu kunye ne-stack-based computation, iikhonsepthi zomgangatho ophantsi wehardware, kunye nemodeli yenkqubo yeForth. Uninzi lwabaphuhlisi abasebenzisana ne-colorForth beza kuyo emva kwamava abalulekileyo nge-Forth okanye inkqubo yenkqubo, beyisebenzisa njengesithuthi sokwenza nzulu ukuqonda kwabo kwiziseko zoyilo lolwimi.

Isebenza njani inkqubo yekhowudi yombala ngokusebenza ngaphandle komhleli okhethekileyo?

colorForth ifuna umhleli ozinikeleyo obonisa kwaye agcine ulwazi lombala njengenxalenye yomelo lomthombo — abahleli bombhalo ongenanto abanakuyinikezela ngokuchanekileyo. Ukuphunyezwa kwasekuqaleni kwakubandakanya umhleli webhloko yesiko. Ufezekiso loluntu lwangoku lubonelela ngeemekobume ezikhethekileyo ezigcina imodeli yophawu lombala ngelixa isebenza kwiisistim zokusebenza zala maxesha, ngokwesiqhelo Linux.

Ukuqonda iingqikelelo zekhompuyutha ezisisiseko ezifana ne-colorForth ilola indlela ocinga ngayo malunga nokuntsonkotha, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye noyilo olwenziwa ngabom - izakhono eziguqulela ngokuthe ngqo kwindlela owakha kwaye uqhuba ngayo ishishini lakho. Ukuba ulungele ukwenza lula imisebenzi yakho ngefilosofi efanayo ngabom, jonga iMewayz — i-207-modyuli yeshishini OS ethenjwe ngabasebenzisi abangaphezu kwe-138,000 kwihlabathi jikelele, ukuqala ngenyanga nje ye-$19/ Sika ubunzima. Yakha into ebalulekileyo.