Hondo yepakombiyuta yepamusha

Kutanga kweChimurenga cheMumba

Kunopera kwema1970 nekutanga ma1980 yaive nguva yekuvirisa kusati kwamboitika, goridhe redhijitari rakatama kubva kudzimba dzemakambani nemalebhu ekuyunivhesiti kuenda padhesiki remhuri. Iyi yaive "Home Computer War," kurwa kunotyisa kwemoyo, pfungwa, uye homwe mabhuku evatengi vemazuva ese. Makambani akaita seApple, Commodore, Atari, naTandy akanga asiri kungotengesa michina; vakanga vachitengesa chiratidzo chenguva yemberi. Kombiyuta yepamba ingava mudziyo wakaoma kunzwisisa wekuita zvibereko, chishandiso chine simba chepurogiramu, kana kuti chingori chemitambo chinokudzwa here? Hondo iyi yehutongi hwemusika uye hukuru hwepfungwa hwaizogadzirisa mamiriro ekombuyuta emakumi emakore anotevera.

Vanokwikwidza paDhijitari Battlefield

Hondo yakarwiwa nehuzivi hwakasiyana. Kune rimwe divi kwaive neApple, ine inoyevedza uye inoshamwaridzana Apple II. Chaive chigadzirwa chepamusoro, chakatengeswa sehurongwa hwakakwana hwakagadzirira dzidzo nebhizinesi. Mukona yakatarisana yaive Commodore, achitungamirwa naJack Tramiel, aitenda mu "makomputa eruzhinji, kwete makirasi." Iyo Commodore 64, yakatangwa muna 1982, yakave mukwikwidzi ane mukurumbira nekupa simba rinoshamisa nemutengo usingakundike, kazhinji ichidzima mutsetse pakati pekombuta nemuchina wemutambo. Zvichakadaro, makambani akaita seAtari akawedzera dzinza ravo remitambo, uye IBM, iyo ine mukurumbira wekombuta yebhizinesi, yakapinda mugakava nePC yayo, iyo yaizopedzisira yatsanangura musika nenzira yaisafungirwa nevarwi vekutanga.

Mutengo, Kuita, uye Kupinda Mukamuri Yekugara

Makiyi enhandare dzehondo aive mutengo uye kusvikika. Mitengo yehasha yaCommodore yakamanikidza vakwikwidzi kuti vapinde muhondo ine hutsinye yekurwisa. Makomputa aive zvino akachipa zvekukwanisa kutenga zvechimbichimbi mumasherufu ezvitoro zvepadivi pematerevhizheni nemastereo. Kupinda muimba yekutandarira uku kwainge kwakaoma. Kwenguva yekutanga, mhuri dzakaona kombiyuta kwete sechinhu chisinganzwisisike, chinodhura chenyanzvi, asi semudziyo weimba wemitambo, dzidzo, uye mabasa akareruka sekugadzirisa mazwi. Kuchinja uku kwakaita kuti kombuyuta idemocrat, ichigadzira chizvarwa chekutanga chevana verudzi rwedigital uye nekuisa hwaro hwenyika yehunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi hwatiri kurarama mairi nhasi.

Nhaka yeHondo: Kubva kuIsolated Systems kuenda kune Integrated Platforms

Kunyange iyo "hondo" yakazopedzisira yaona vazhinji vevarwi vekutanga vachidonha, neiyo IBM PC yekuvaka uye ma clones ayo achiva chiyero chikuru chebhizinesi, uye Apple ichiveza premium niche, nhaka yayo yechokwadi ndiyo musimboti wayakamisa: tekinoroji inofanirwa kuwanikwa uye kuita chinangwa chakajeka. Kombiyuta yekumba yakarega kuita basa rekuita zvemandorokwati uye yakava chikamu chakakosha chehupenyu hwazvino.

Nhasi, hondo haisi yekuti ndeipi bhokisi rinogara padhesiki rako. Iyo yemazuva ano yakaenzana ihondo yepakati inoshanda sisitimu inomhanyisa bhizinesi rako rese mashandiro. Sezvinongoita vashandisi vekutanga komputa vainetsekana nesoftware isingaenderane uye yakavharwa data, makambani emazuva ano anowanzo chinja gumi nemaviri akabviswa mapurogiramu eCRM, manejimendi eprojekiti, kutaurirana, uye mari. Kutsemuka uku kunokonzeresa bongozozo iro makombiyuta epamba aifanirwa kubvisa.

Apa ndipo panoonekwa tekinoroji yakabatanidzwa, yakakwenenzverwa inoenderera mberi nemapuratifomu akaita seMewayz. A modular bhizinesi OS senge Mewayz inogadzirisa dambudziko razvino rekupararira kwedhijitari nekuunza zvese zvakakosha zvekushandisa-kubva pakutevera chirongwa uye manejimendi evatengi kusvika kumawikis emukati uye kutarisa kwemari-munzvimbo imwe chete yakabatana, inogoneka.

• Radical Price Reduction: Makomputa akatanga kutengeka kumhuri yepakati.
• Tarisa pane Zvakaitika Mushandisi: Kuchinja kubva pamitsetse yemirairo kuenda kune mamwe magirafu, madhizaini anonzwisisika.
• Software seMutyairi Akakosha: Kuvepo kwezvishandiso zvinouraya, kunyanya mitambo nesoftware yekugadzira, kwakaratidza kubudirira kwepuratifomu.
• Kukwidziridzwa kweChiyero: Kuzopedzisira kwave kutonga kweIBM PC architecture yakaratidza kukosha kweyakavhurika, modular ecosystem.

"Computer yeruzhinji. Tinoona komputa mudzimba dzese. Mubvunzo hausi wekuti, asi rinhi." Manzwiro aya, akatsinhirwa nemapiyona akaita saJack Tramiel weCommodore, akatora mweya wekuda chinzvimbo wenguva yacho. Kwaive kutenda kuti tekinoroji yaigona uye inofanirwa kuve yedemokrasi.

Muchidimbu, Hondo Yekombuta Yepamba yakarwiwa kuunza masisitimu ane simba, akarongeka muhupenyu hwedu pachedu. Nhasi, nheyo imwechete inoshanda kune bhizinesi. Chinangwa hachisisiri chekungove neruzivo rwemichina, asi kuve nehunyanzvi hunoshanda pamwechete pasina musono. Nekusarudza chikuva chakabatana seMewayz, mabhizinesi anogona kupedza "hondo" dzemukati mavo pakati pemaitiro akasiyana, achigadzira chitubu chimwe chete chechokwadi chinotyaira kugona nekujeka, sezvakaita komputa inodiwa yekumba yakazounza kurongeka kugaraji reanofarira.

Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa

Kutanga kweChimurenga cheMumba

Kunopera kwema1970 nekutanga ma1980 yaive nguva yekuvirisa kusati kwamboitika, goridhe redhijitari rakatama kubva kudzimba dzemakambani nemalebhu ekuyunivhesiti kuenda padhesiki remhuri. Iyi yaive "Home Computer War," kurwa kunotyisa kwemoyo, pfungwa, uye homwe mabhuku evatengi vemazuva ese. Makambani akaita seApple, Commodore, Atari, naTandy akanga asiri kungotengesa michina; vakanga vachitengesa chiratidzo chenguva yemberi. Kombiyuta yepamba ingava mudziyo wakaoma kunzwisisa wekuita zvibereko, chishandiso chine simba chepurogiramu, kana kuti chingori chemitambo chinokudzwa here? Hondo iyi yehutongi hwemusika uye hukuru hwepfungwa hwaizogadzirisa mamiriro ekombuyuta emakumi emakore anotevera.

Vanokwikwidza paDhijitari Battlefield

Hondo yakarwiwa nehuzivi hwakasiyana. Kune rimwe divi kwaive neApple, ine inoyevedza uye inoshamwaridzana Apple II. Chaive chigadzirwa chepamusoro, chakatengeswa sehurongwa hwakakwana hwakagadzirira dzidzo nebhizinesi. Mukona yakatarisana yaive Commodore, achitungamirwa naJack Tramiel, aitenda mu "makomputa eruzhinji, kwete makirasi." Iyo Commodore 64, yakatangwa muna 1982, yakave mukwikwidzi ane mukurumbira nekupa simba rinoshamisa nemutengo usingakundike, kazhinji ichidzima mutsetse pakati pekombuta nemuchina wemutambo. Zvichakadaro, makambani akaita seAtari akawedzera dzinza ravo remitambo, uye IBM, iyo ine mukurumbira wekombuta yebhizinesi, yakapinda mugakava nePC yayo, iyo yaizopedzisira yatsanangura musika nenzira yaisafungirwa nevarwi vekutanga.

Mutengo, Kuita, uye Kupinda Mukamuri Yekugara

Makiyi enhandare dzehondo aive mutengo uye kusvikika. Mitengo yehasha yaCommodore yakamanikidza vakwikwidzi kuti vapinde muhondo ine hutsinye yekurwisa. Makomputa aive zvino akachipa zvekukwanisa kutenga zvechimbichimbi mumasherufu ezvitoro zvepadivi pematerevhizheni nemastereo. Kupinda muimba yekutandarira uku kwainge kwakaoma. Kwenguva yekutanga, mhuri dzakaona kombiyuta kwete sechinhu chisinganzwisisike, chinodhura chenyanzvi, asi semudziyo weimba wemitambo, dzidzo, uye mabasa akareruka sekugadzirisa mazwi. Kuchinja uku kwakaita kuti kombuyuta idemocrat, ichigadzira chizvarwa chekutanga chevana verudzi rwedigital uye nekuisa hwaro hwenyika yehunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi hwatiri kurarama mairi nhasi.

Nhaka yeHondo: Kubva kuIsolated Systems kuenda kune Integrated Platforms

Kunyange iyo "hondo" yakazopedzisira yaona vazhinji vevarwi vekutanga vachidonha, neiyo IBM PC yekuvaka uye ma clones ayo achiva chiyero chikuru chebhizinesi, uye Apple ichiveza premium niche, nhaka yayo yechokwadi ndiyo musimboti wayakamisa: tekinoroji inofanirwa kuwanikwa uye kuita chinangwa chakajeka. Kombiyuta yekumba yakarega kuita basa rekuita zvemandorokwati uye yakava chikamu chakakosha chehupenyu hwazvino.