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Kugenzura Iterambere ryihariye (VSDD)

Ibitekerezo

10 min read Via gist.github.com

Mewayz Team

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Dore ingingo yumwimerere kuri Verified Spec-Driven Development (VSDD):

Impamvu Imishinga myinshi ya software ikomeje kunanirwa - Nuburyo bwo Guhindura Ibyo

Mu 2024, raporo ya CHAOS Itsinda rya Standish Group yerekanye ko 31% gusa yimishinga ya software yarangiye mugihe no mu ngengo yimari. Ibisigaye 69% byasabwe cyangwa byarananiranye rwose. Intandaro ntabwo yari abaterankunga babi cyangwa inkunga idahagije - byari bidasobanutse. Amakipe yubatsemo ibintu ntanumwe wasabye, yoherejwe kode ivuguruza amategeko yubucuruzi, kandi yamaze amezi asubiramo sisitemu yubatswe kubitekerezo aho kugenzurwa neza. Iterambere ryihariye-ryitezimbere (VSDD) nuburyo bugaragara bugamije gukuraho burundu uku kudasobanuka neza, byemeza ko buri murongo wa code ugaruka kumurongo wagenzuwe mbere yuko igera kumusaruro.

Bitandukanye nuburyo gakondo bwiterambere ryiterambere aho ibisobanuro bihari nkinyandiko zanditse zidatinze ziva mubyumweru, VSDD ifata ibisobanuro nkibikorwa, bigeragezwa, kandi bikomeza kugenzurwa. Igisubizo ni software ikora neza neza ibyo abafatanyabikorwa bagambiriye - ntakindi, nta munsi. Kubucuruzi bukora ibikorwa bigoye hamwe nibikorwa byinshi byahujwe na module, ingaruka zirahinduka.

Niki cyagenzuwe cyihariye-gitezimbere Iterambere Mubyukuri bivuze

Muri rusange, VSDD nuburyo bwa tekinoroji bwubatswe bwubatswe ku nkingi eshatu: ibisobanuro byemewe, kugenzura byikora, no gukomeza gukurikirana. Abashinzwe iterambere batangira bandika imashini isomeka ibisobanuro bidasobanura gusa icyo software igomba gukora, ariko imbogamizi zuzuye, imanza zuruhande, hamwe na invariants zigomba kuba ukuri kuri buri cyiciro cyo gukora. Izi ntabwo ari inkuru zabakoresha zidasobanutse cyangwa ibisabwa byerekanwe - ni amasezerano akomeye, adasobanutse hagati ya sisitemu nabafatanyabikorwa bayo.

Igice "cyagenzuwe" nicyo gitandukanya VSDD nuburyo bwakera bwashizweho. Aho kwishingikiriza ku ntoki zasuzumwe cyangwa nyuma y’ikizamini kugira ngo hemezwe ko byubahirizwa, VSDD ikoresha ibikoresho byo kugenzura byikora - birimo ibizamini bishingiye ku mutungo, abagenzuzi b'amasezerano, ndetse rimwe na rimwe abafasha mu bimenyetso bifatika - kugira ngo bakomeze kwemeza ko ishyirwa mu bikorwa rihuye n'ibisobanuro. Niba code iva muri spec, kubaka birananirana. Niba ibisobanuro bihindutse, ingaruka kuri code iriho ihita igaragara.

Ibi birema ibyo abimenyereza bita "isoko imwe yukuri yukuri" - ibisobanuro biramenyesha ishyirwa mubikorwa, ishyirwa mubikorwa rigenzurwa nibisobanuro, kandi impinduka iyo ari yo yose itera kongera kugenzura. Ibitekerezo byizunguruka ni iminota, ntabwo ari amezi.

Ibyiciro bitanu byakazi ka VSDD

Kwemeza VSDD ntibisaba guta inzira zawe zose. Amakipe menshi arayashyira mubikorwa nkuburyo bwuzuye hejuru yumurimo wa agile cyangwa itera. Methodologiya igabanyijemo ibice bitanu bitandukanye bikora urunigi rudacika kuva mubucuruzi bugamije kode yoherejwe.

      Buri cyerekezo kirimo ibanzirizasuzuma, postconditions, na invariants.
    • Isubiramo ryihariye no kwigana: Mbere yuko code iyo ari yo yose yandikwa, ibisobanuro bigereranwa nukuri-kwisi. Abafatanyabikorwa barashobora "kuyobora" icyerekezo kugirango barebe uko sisitemu izitwara, ifate ubwumvikane buke mbere yuko iba amakosa ahenze.
    • Gushyira mubikorwa hamwe no Kugenzura Inline: Abashinzwe kwandika bandika code yanditseho ibisobanuro byihariye. Ibikoresho byikora bikomeza kugenzura ko imikorere yose, iherezo, hamwe no guhindura amakuru byujuje imbogamizi zijyanye.
    • Kugenzura Kwishyira hamwe: Nkuko modul ziteranijwe, kugenzura kunyuramo byemeza ko amasezerano hagati yibice byubahirizwa. Inyemezabuguzi yerekana inyemezabuguzi igomba guhuza nibyo ibaruramari ryerekana ibiteganijwe nkinjiza.
    • Gukurikirana Ibikurikiranwa Byihuse: Nyuma yo koherezwa, abakurikirana igihe cyemeza ko imyitwarire yumusaruro ikomeje guhuza nibisobanuro, gufata ibidukikije bidahwitse, amakuru adasanzwe, hamwe no kunanirwa kwishyira hamwe kwabandi mugihe nyacyo.

Ibi byiciro bitanu byerekana ko ibisobanuro bitigera bifatwa nk "kwandika rimwe, kwibagirwa iteka" inyandiko. Babaho, bahumeka ibihangano bigenda bihindagurika hamwe na codebase kandi bikomeza kugaragara neza kuri buri ntambwe.

Impamvu Kwipimisha Gakondo Yonyine Kugwa

Inzitizi rusange kuri VSDD ni: "Tumaze kwandika ibizamini - ntibihagije?" Igisubizo cyukuri ni oya, kandi amakuru arabishyigikira. Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na Microsoft's Empirical Software Engineering group bwerekanye ko n'imishinga ifite 80% + ikwirakwiza kode isanzwe yohereza inenge yashinze imizi mu cyuho - ibihe aho ibizamini byatsinzwe kuko bagerageje ikintu kitari cyo , atari ukubera ko software yari ikwiye.

Ibice gakondo hamwe nibizamini byo kwishyira hamwe bigenzura imyitwarire ishyirwa mubikorwa, ariko barashobora kugenzura gusa ibintu bitezimbere uwateguye. Niba uwatezimbere atumva nabi amategeko yubucuruzi, bazandika kode hamwe nikizamini nabi - kandi byombi bizatsinda. VSDD isenya uruziga rushyiraho urwego rwigenga rwo kugenzura. Ibisobanuro byanditswe ninzobere za domaine, ntabwo abitezimbere bandika ishyirwa mubikorwa, bakora igenzura risanzwe-ryuzuye rifata nabi hakiri kare.

Ikosa rishobora guteza akaga muri sisitemu iyo ari yo yose ntabwo ariryo risenya - ni ryo ritanga bucece ibisubizo bitari byo mu gihe buri kizamini cyo muri suite cyatsinze icyatsi.

Reba moteri yo kubara imishahara igomba gukora igipimo cyamasaha yikirenga mubice 14 bitandukanye. Iterambere rishobora kwandika ibizamini bikubiyemo inkiko eshanu bamenyereye cyane, kubura imanza zurundi murindi icyenda. Munsi ya VSDD, ibisobanuro byerekana neza amategeko 14 yose, kandi kugenzura byikora byerekana ububasha ubwo aribwo bwose butabanje gushyirwa mubikorwa - mbere yuko kode igera kuri QA.

Ingaruka-Yisi-Yose: Kuva mu kirere kugeza ku mbuga z'ubucuruzi

VSDD ifite imizi yubwenge mu nganda zikomeye z'umutekano. Laboratoire ya NASA ya NASA yakoresheje ibisobanuro no kugenzura mu myaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo - sisitemu yo gutwara abantu yigenga ya Mars Curiosity rover yubatswe ku buryo bwemejwe neza bwemeza ko imodoka itazigera yitegeka mu buryo budashoboka. Airbus ikoresha tekinike zisa na sisitemu yo kugenzura-kuguruka, aho ikinyuranyo cyerekana atari ikosa gusa - ni ibyago bishobora kuba.

Ariko uburyo bukwirakwira vuba kurenga ikirere no kwirwanaho. Isosiyete ikora ibijyanye n’imari yakoresheje amahame ya VSDD kugirango igenzure ko moteri zitunganya ibicuruzwa zujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa mu nkiko nyinshi icyarimwe. Ibigo nderabuzima bikoresha igenzura ryerekana neza ko ibikoresho bifasha ibyemezo by’amavuriro bitigera bisaba imikoranire y’ibiyobyabwenge binyuranyije n’amabwiriza ya FDA. Kandi bigenda byiyongera, ibikorwa byubucuruzi byubucuruzi hamwe nibikoresho byinshi byahujwe bihindukirira kuri VSDD kugirango bigenzure ibintu bigoye guhuza imikoranire.

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Kuri Mewayz, aho module 207 - izenguruka CRM, inyemezabuguzi, umushahara, HR, imicungire y’amato, isesengura, n’ibindi - igomba gukorera hamwe nta nkomyi ku bakoresha barenga 138.000, amahame ya VSDD amenyesha mu buryo butaziguye imikorere y’ikoranabuhanga. Iyo ivugururwa ryinyemezabuguzi yimisoro yo kubara imisoro rishobora gushira mu mishahara, mu ibaruramari, no mu isesengura, ibisobanuro byagenzuwe byemeza ko buri kintu cyo hasi cyabazwe kandi kikaba cyemejwe mbere y’amato ahindura. Nuburyo urubuga rushobora gupima amajana menshi module nta kunanirwa kwishyira hamwe bikunze kwibasira sisitemu yubucuruzi igoye.

Gushyira mubikorwa VSDD Utetse Inyanja

Kimwe mubitekerezo bitari byo kuri VSDD ni uko bisaba kuvugurura inzira yuzuye n'amezi yo gushiraho mbere yo gutanga agaciro. Mubimenyerezo, ibyagezweho cyane bitangira bito kandi bikaguka buhoro buhoro. Amakipe agerageza kwerekana muburyo bwa sisitemu yose kumunsi wambere byanze bikunze arashya. Amakipe atangirana na module-ibyago byinshi kandi akagura hanze reba ibyagarutsweho.

Dore ingamba zifatika zo gukurikiza zikora kumatsinda yubunini ubwo aribwo bwose:

  • Tangira ukoresheje imipaka yawe yo kwishyira hamwe. Banza ugaragaze amasezerano yawe ya API mbere - gusaba / gusubiza ibisubizo, kode yamakosa, igipimo cyibipimo, nibisabwa byemewe.
  • Ongeramo invariants kuri logique yawe yubucuruzi. Shyiramo ibi nkibisobanuro bifatika.
  • Kora verisiyo muri CI / CD. Ibi birema ibitekerezo byihuse bidasaba abitezimbere guhindura akazi kabo ka buri munsi.
  • Kora spes ikorana. Koresha ibikoresho byemerera abafatanyabikorwa badafite tekiniki gusoma no gutanga umusanzu mubisobanuro. Iyo CFO ishobora kugenzura ko inyemezabuguzi zihuye n’imisoro iheruka gusoreshwa, wafunze icyuho kiri hagati yubucuruzi no gushyira mubikorwa tekiniki.

Urufunguzo ni gufata VSDD nka gradient, ntabwo ari binary. Ndetse no kwakirwa igice - kugenzura amategeko yawe akomeye yubucuruzi - birashobora gukuraho ibyiciro byose byubusembwa. Isosiyete ya SaaS yagenzuye gusa ibisobanuro byayo bijyanye no kwishyuza yatangaje ko igabanuka rya 73% ry’itike y’ingoboka mu gihembwe cya mbere cyo kwakirwa.

Uruhare rwa AI mugukurikirana-Ibisekuruza Bikurikiraho Kugenzura

Ihuriro rya VSDD nubwenge bwubuhanga niho metodologiya izaza. Ibikoresho bikoreshwa na AI bitangiye gukoresha ibice byinshi byibanda kumurimo wa VSDD - kubyara ibisobanuro byambere biva kuri codebase isanzwe, kumenya icyuho cyihariye ukoresheje isesengura ryibikorwa byakozwe, ndetse bikanatanga ibisobanuro binonosoye bishingiye kumyitwarire yabakoresha.

Ururimi runini rwururimi rushobora guhindura ubucuruzi bwururimi karemano mubisobanuro byubatswe, bigenzurwa na mashini hamwe nibisobanuro nyabyo, bikagabanya icyuho cyanditse cyanditse cyerekana amateka yuburyo budakwiriye kumakipe yihuta. Iyo umuyobozi wibicuruzwa yanditse "abakiriya kuri gahunda ya Enterprises bagomba guhabwa 15% kugabanyirizwa ibicuruzwa ku bicuruzwa birenga $ 10,000," ibikoresho bya AI birashobora gutanga ibisobanuro bihuye neza, imanza zipimishije, hamwe no kugenzura - guhindura interuro amasezerano yagenzuwe mumasegonda aho kuba amasaha.

Amahuriro nka Mewayz akoresha AI ikoresha muburyo bwimikorere kugirango azane urwego rwibisobanuro mubikorwa byubucuruzi bwa buri munsi. Iyo ubucuruzi bugennye ibikorwa byakazi - guhuza amakuru ya CRM namategeko yo gutanga inyemezabuguzi yo kubara imishahara - Igenzura rifashijwe na AI rishobora gusesengura urwego rwose rwakazi hamwe nibendera ryumvikana ridahuye mbere yuko bigaragara nkamakosa mubikorwa nyabyo. Ubu ni bwo buryo bufatika bwo gukurikiza amahame ya VSDD ku gipimo: kwemeza ko logique yubucuruzi igoye, ikoreshwa-igenamigambi ryubucuruzi ikomeza kuba nziza nubwo igenda ihinduka.

Ibisobanuro-Imitekerereze Yambere: Guhindura Umuco Ukwiriye Gukora

Ahari ikintu kidashimwa cyane cya VSDD ntabwo ari tekiniki - ni umuco. Amakipe yemeza ibisobanuro-byambere byo gutekereza raporo kunoza birenze kure kugabanya inenge. Itumanaho hagati ya tekinike na tekiniki ryabagize itsinda riratera imbere kuko ibisobanuro bitanga imvugo isangiwe, idasobanutse. Igihe cyo kuguruka kiragabanuka kuko abaterankunga bashya barashobora gusoma ibisobanuro kugirango basobanukirwe imyitwarire ya sisitemu nta guhinduranya-gukora codebase. Kandi ibyemezo byubwubatsi biba nkana kuberako ikiguzi cyo guhindura ibisobanuro (no gukwirakwiza izo mpinduka binyuze muri verisiyo) gihatira amakipe gutekereza neza mbere yo kongeramo ibintu bigoye.

Inganda za software zimaze imyaka mirongo zihindura umuvuduko wo gutanga. VSDD ntabwo idindiza itangwa - irayobora igihe cyaba cyarakoreshejwe mugukemura, hotfixing, no gusaba imbabazi abakiriya muburyo bwumvikana butuma ibyo bibazo bitabaho. Kubucuruzi bukora ibikorwa-byingenzi mubikorwa byinshi kandi bigakoresha ibihumbi byabakoresha, ubwo bucuruzi ntibukwiye - ni ngombwa. Ikibazo ntabwo ari ukumenya niba ishyirahamwe ryanyu rishobora kwihanganira iterambere ryagenzuwe ryihariye. Nukumenya niba udashobora kubona.

Ibibazo bikunze kubazwa

Iterambere ryihariye-ryitezimbere (VSDD)?

VSDD nuburyo bukuraho ibintu bidasobanutse mumishinga ya software bisaba buri kintu cyose, amategeko yubucuruzi, nicyemezo cyubwubatsi gufatwa mubisobanuro byemejwe mbere yuko code yandikwa. Bitandukanye nuburyo gakondo aho ibitekerezo bitera iterambere, VSDD ituma habaho guhuza abafatanyabikorwa nabateza imbere binyuze muburyo bwihariye, bwageragejwe - bigabanya cyane igipimo cya 69% cyatsinzwe mumishinga yagaragaye muri raporo zinganda.

Kuki imishinga myinshi ya software inanirwa nubwo amakipe abahanga?

Impamvu yibanze ntabwo ari impano cyangwa ingengo yimari - ntibisobanutse. Amakipe yubaka ibiranga ntanumwe wasabye, kode yubwato ivuguruza amategeko yubucuruzi, kandi imara amezi yogusubiramo sisitemu yubatswe kubitekerezo bidafite ishingiro. VSDD ikemura iki kibazo mugutanga ibisobanuro isoko imwe yukuri, kwemeza ko buri wese mubifitemo uruhare yemeranya kubyubakwa mbere yuko iterambere ritangira, bikarinda kudahuza ibiciro kandi bikagenda neza mubuzima bwumushinga.

Nigute VSDD igereranya nuburyo bwa Agile cyangwa Waterfall?

Mugihe Agile ishimangira itangwa ryisubiramo kandi Isumo ikurikira ibyiciro bikurikiranye, byombi bikunze guhura nibyuho. VSDD yuzuza iyi mikorere wongeyeho igenzura - ibisobanuro byemejwe nibisabwa mubucuruzi mbere yo kwinjira mubyiciro byose byiterambere. Ibi bivuze ko waba ukora muri siporo cyangwa ibyiciro, buri gikorwa gikurikirana uhereye kubyemejwe, bidasobanutse neza abafatanyabikorwa bemeje neza.

VSDD irashobora gukoreshwa mumakipe akoresheje urubuga nka Mewayz?

Rwose. Amahuriro nka Mewayz , OS 207-module yubucuruzi OS guhera kuri $ 19 / mo, yamaze guhuza ibikorwa, gutangiza, no gucunga imishinga. Gushyira mu bikorwa amahame ya VSDD muri ibyo bikoresho byemeza ko buri gikorwa cyo gukora, kwishyira hamwe, hamwe n’ibikorwa byikora byubatswe bivuye ku bisobanuro byagenzuwe - kugabanya imirimo no gufasha amakipe kohereza sisitemu yizewe byihuse mu bucuruzi bwabo bwose.