Kwishura Ikosa muri Zig: Uburyo Zig Yongeye Gutekereza Gukemura Ikosa rya Kode ya Sisitemu Yizewe

> Bitandukanye na kode gakondo cyangwa sisitemu iremereye cyane, uburyo bwa Zig buraguha imiterere, ikusanya-igihe-yagenzuwe ikosa ridafite icyo utanze imikorere cyangwa gusoma.

Kwishura amakosa ni iki kandi kuki Zig ibakeneye?

Moderi yo gukemura amakosa ya Zig yubatswe hafi ya ihuriro ryamakosa , ubwoko bwurwego rwubaka ruhamagarira abahamagarira kumenya no gukemura amakosa neza. Ihuriro ryamakosa rihuza ubwoko busanzwe bwo kugaruka hamwe nikosa ryashyizweho, ryanditswe nka IkosaSet! Garuka Ubwoko . Iyo imikorere inaniwe, isubiza agaciro kamakosa kuva kumurongo. Ikibazo cyamateka ni uko kode yamakosa yambaye ubusa nta yandi magambo yongeyeho: uzi ibyo byagenze nabi, ariko ntabwo aho , impamvu , cyangwa hamwe ninjiza ryihariye.

Amakosa yishyurwa akemura iki cyuho. Muguhuza amakuru yinyongera kuruhande rwikosa, abitezimbere barashobora gukwirakwiza kwisuzumisha bifatika batitaye kumiterere yisi yose, ububiko-bwibanze, cyangwa hanze-ibipimo. Ubu buryo butuma Zig ya zeru-zeru zo gukuramo filozofiya idahwitse kuko imizigo yatanzwe gusa kandi ituwe mugihe habaye ikosa mubyukuri, ntabwo riri munzira yo gutsinda.

Nigute Kwishura Ikosa Kugereranya no Gukemura Amakosa mu zindi ndimi?

Gusobanukirwa amahitamo ya Zig igaragara neza iyo ugereranije ikosa ryayo nuburyo butandukanye muri sisitemu yo gutangiza ecosystem:

• C's errno no kugaruka kode: Imiterere yibibazo ibitswe mubihinduka byisi yose, bigatuma insanganyamatsiko-itagira umutekano nta disipuline yitonze. Hano ntabashinzwe gukusanya, amakosa rero yirengagijwe byoroshye.
Amakipe menshi yashizwemo niterambere ryimikino arabihagarika rwose.
• Igisubizo cya Rust : Uburyo bwa Rust ni umuvandimwe wa hafi. Ikosa rya Customer enums hamwe namakuru ajyanye nayo agera ku ngaruka zisa, ariko amakosa ya Zig araremereye cyane kandi ahuza nururimi gerageza na gufata ijambo ryibanze kurwego rwa syntactique.
• Amakosa ni indangagaciro zisanzwe zidafite no gukusanya-igihe cyo kugenzura.
• Ihuriro ryamakosa ya Zig hamwe nu mutwaro wo kwishyura: Zig ifata umwanya wo hagati, itanga icyegeranyo cyashyizwe mu bikorwa, igiciro cya zeru ku nzira yo gutsinda, hamwe nubushobozi bwo guhuza imiterere yubatswe nta kugabura ikirundo iyo ikoreshejwe hamwe namakuru yatanzwe.

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Ishyirwa mubikorwa risa mubyukuri mubikorwa?

> Reba dosiye isuzuma idakeneye gutanga raporo "imiterere itemewe" gusa ahubwo byte offset hamwe nikimenyetso gitunguranye cyahuye nacyo. Aho kwinjirira kuri stderr cyangwa gutondekanya amakuru kumurongo wuruhande, imikorere isubiza imiterere yumushahara urimo offset, ibyateganijwe byashyizweho, hamwe na byite nyirizina yabonetse.

gerageza ijambo ryibanze ryamamaza ayo makosa akungahaye hejuru yumuhamagaro wo guhamagara mu buryo bwikora, kandi kurwego rwo hejuru rwo hejuru, urashobora gushushanya-guhuza kurikosa hanyuma ugakuramo umushahara wo kwinjira, kwerekana, cyangwa kugarura ibitekerezo. Ibi bituma Zig codebase idasubirwaho kuburyo budasanzwe kuko inzira yose yibeshya itwara inzira yubucamanza.

Ubushishozi Bwingenzi: Inyungu zingirakamaro zo kwishura amakosa ntabwo ari imyitwarire yigihe; ni ubwenge. Iyo buri kosa ritwaye imiterere yaryo, abitezimbere bamara igihe gito cyo kwerekana ibyananiranye nigihe kinini cyo kugikemura. Amakosa yishyurwa ahindura "ikintu kitagenze neza" mo "iki kintu cyihariye cyagenze nabi hano, hamwe nizi nyongeramusaruro," gusenyuka kwinzira yo gukemura amasaha niminota.

Nibihe Byukuri-Byisi Bifite Imikorere Yumusaruro?

Amakipe yakira Zig kubikorwa remezo byumusaruro, kuva serivise zurusobe kugeza porogaramu yashyizwemo, raporo yerekana iterambere ryagaragaye mugihe gito cyo gukemura (MTTR) mugihe imitwaro yishyurwa ikoreshwa muburyo bwa gahunda. Igishushanyo gishimangira disipuline aho buri gikorwa gishobora kunanirwa inyandiko uko cyananiranye nuburyo bukomeye nkamasezerano yo gutsinda.

Ku mashyirahamwe acunga sisitemu igoye, ibi birerekana ukuri kwagutse kubikorwa: imiterere yibibazo byubatswe ni imbaraga zigwiza imbaraga zubwubatsi bwizewe.

Iri hame rirenze indimi za porogaramu. Sisitemu iyo ari yo yose igufasha gufata, gukwirakwiza, no gukora ku miterere yubatswe iyo ibintu bitagenze neza, uhereye ku kwishyurwa kw'amakosa muri kode kugeza ku kibaho gikoreshwa mu bikoresho by'ubucuruzi, bigabanya cyane ikiguzi cyo gutsindwa.

Ibibazo bikunze kubazwa

Ese imitwaro yishyurwa muri Zig yagabanijwe?

Ntabwo ari ngombwa. Zig iha abitezimbere kugenzura ingamba zo kugabura. Imizigo irashobora gutura kumurongo niba ubuzima bwabo bwerekanwe kumurimo uriho cyangwa kugabanwa neza mugihe bakeneye gutsimbarara kumupaka. Ihinduka risobanura ko wirinda kugabanwa ibirundo bitagaragara sisitemu ishingiye kuri C ++ cyangwa Java ishyiraho. Mubikorwa-bikomeye inzira, stack-scoped yishyurwa yongeramo zeru hejuru hejuru yinzira yibeshya.

Nigute imitwaro yishyurwa ikorana na Zig ya comptime?

Zig ikusanya-igihe cyo gukora cyerekana uburyo bwo gushiraho amakosa hamwe nubwoko bwimitwaro ijyanye no kwemezwa mugihe cyo gukusanya. Uwatoranije arashobora kugenzura ko buri kosa ryamakosa mugushiraho rifite umukoresha uhuye kandi ko ubwoko bwimitwaro bwangiritse neza kuri buri rubuga. Ibi bivanaho ibyiciro byose byigihe cyo gutungurwa aho hafashwe ikosa ariko umutwaro wacyo ugasobanurwa nabi cyangwa ukirengagizwa, isoko rusange yo kunanirwa guceceka muri sisitemu yamakosa yanditse.

Nkwiye gukoresha imitwaro yikosa kuri buri gikorwa gishobora kunanirwa?

Koresha imizigo iyo imiterere yibibazo ifasha umuhamagaro gukira cyangwa gukemura. Kubikorwa byoroshye aho ikosa ryashyizweho ari rito kandi ryisobanura, nko kugabanwa kugabanwa, ikosa ryambaye ubusa rirahagije. Kubika imitwaro kubikorwa aho uburyo bwo gutsindwa biterwa ninjiza yinjiza: gusesengura, kwemeza, I / O hamwe nintego zihariye, cyangwa gukora protocole. Gukoresha ibikoresho byinshi bidafite akamaro byongera urusaku bitarinze kunanirwa.

Kubaka sisitemu nziza hamwe nibikoresho byiza

Waba wandika serivise Zig zihamye cyangwa ucunga ibikorwa byubucuruzi bigoye, intsinzi iterwa no kugira sisitemu zubatswe zerekana amakuru yukuri mugihe gikwiye. Mewayz azana iyo filozofiya imwe mu micungire yubucuruzi: 207 module ihuriweho igamije guha itsinda ryanyu imiterere yimikorere muri buri gikorwa, kuva umushinga ukurikirana kugeza itumanaho ryabakiriya. Injira kubakoresha 138.000 basimbuye ibikorwa byo gutekereza neza. Tangira ikigeragezo cyawe kubuntu kuri app.mewayz.com hanyuma wibonere OS yubucuruzi yubatswe kumakipe yanga kuguruka buhumyi.