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Tattaunawa da Øyvind Kolås, mai haɓaka GIMP (2017)

Sharhi

14 min read Via www.gimp.org

Mewayz Team

Editorial Team

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Yadda Buɗe-Source Ƙirƙirar Ƙirƙirar Ƙirƙirar Kayayyakin Ƙirƙira don Kasuwancin Zamani

Lokacin da Øyvind Kolås ya zauna a cikin 2017 don tattauna aikin da ya yi na tsawon shekaru akan injin zane na GIMP, ba wai kawai yana magana ne game da lamba ba - yana bayyana falsafar da ta sake fasalin yadda kasuwancin ke fuskantar software na ƙirƙira. A matsayinsa na ginshiƙin GEGL (Laburaren Zane-zane na Generic), Kolås ya shafe sama da shekaru goma yana gina tushe don gyara hoto mara lalacewa a cikin ɗayan aikace-aikacen buɗe ido da aka fi amfani da shi a duniya. Ayyukansa suna wakiltar wani abu mafi girma fiye da aikin guda ɗaya: ra'ayin cewa masu ƙarfi, kayan aikin ƙwararru ba sa buƙatar zuwa tare da alamun farashin kasuwanci, kuma buɗe haɗin gwiwar yana samar da ingantacciyar software fiye da rufaffiyar muhallin da za ta taɓa iyawa. Ga 'yan kasuwa da ke kewaya kasafin kuɗi masu tsauri da haɓaka buƙatun ƙirƙira, wannan falsafar ba ta taɓa kasancewa mafi dacewa ba.

Injiniya Bayan Babban Canjin GIMP

Øyvind Kolås, wanda aka sani a cikin buɗaɗɗen al'umma ta hanyar sa "pippin," ɗan ƙasar Norway ne mai haɓakawa wanda gudunmawarsa ga GIMP ta wuce fiye da shekaru goma. Babban abin da ya fi mayar da hankali shi ne GEGL - tsarin sarrafa hoto mai tushe wanda ya canza ainihin yadda GIMP ke sarrafa bayanan pixel. Kafin haɗin GEGL, GIMP an iyakance shi zuwa zurfin launi 8-bit da ayyukan aikin gyara lalata. Ayyukan Kolås sun gabatar da babban aiki mai zurfi, ayyukan haske na layi, da tsarin gine-gine don gyara marasa lalacewa.

Abin da ya sa tsarin Kolås ya zama abin ban mamaki shine haƙurinsa da hangen nesa na dogon lokaci. Ci gaban GEGL ya fara ne a farkon 2000s, kuma cikakken haɗin kai cikin GIMP ya ɗauki fiye da shekaru goma sha biyar. A shekara ta 2017, 'ya'yan itacen wannan aikin sun zama bayyane a cikin ginin GIMP 2.10 na farko, wanda a ƙarshe zai yi jigilar madaidaicin madaidaicin-bit 32-bit, samfoti kan-canvas na ayyukan GEGL, da ingantaccen bututun sarrafawa. Wannan ba gudu ba ne mai walƙiya - dabara ce, injiniyanci na tushe wanda ya ba da fifikon samun tsarin gine-gine daidai da fasalin jigilar kaya cikin sauri.

Labarinsa yana ba da darasi wanda ya wuce haɓaka software: haɓaka mai ɗorewa yana buƙatar saka hannun jari a cikin abubuwan more rayuwa kafin abubuwa masu haske. Kasuwancin da ke ginawa akan ingantaccen tushe na aiki - ko a cikin lamba ko cikin ƙirar aiki - koyaushe suna fin waɗanda ke neman nasara na ɗan gajeren lokaci.

Me yasa Gudun Aiki Mara Lalacewa Mahimmanci Bayan Ƙira

Ma'anar Kolås da aka yi nasara a cikin GIMP - gyare-gyare mara lalacewa - yana da sauƙi a yaudara. Maimakon canza kayan tushen ku na dindindin tare da kowane aiki, kuna tattara gyare-gyare azaman yadudduka masu juyawa waɗanda za'a iya canzawa, sake oda, ko cirewa a kowane lokaci. Bayanan asali sun kasance cikakke. A cikin gyaran hoto, wannan yana nufin za ku iya amfani da gyaran launi, blur, da amfanin gona, sannan ku koma ku canza launi ba tare da rasa sauran gyare-gyare ba.

Wannan ƙa'idar tana da tasiri mai zurfi a wajen software mai ƙirƙira. Kasuwancin zamani suna ƙara yin aiki a cikin wuraren da ake buƙatar yanke shawara su zama masu jujjuyawa, abin dubawa, da jujjuyawa. Yi la'akari da yadda bututun CRM ke aiki: ba kwa son kuskure guda ɗaya don canza tarihin yarjejeniya ta dindindin. Ko tunani game da daftari - ikon daidaita abubuwan layi, maido da canje-canje, da kiyaye ingantaccen sawun duba yana da mahimmanci don biyan kuɗi. Falsafar da ba ta lalacewa ba wadda Kolås ta shigar a cikin gine-ginen GIMP tana nuna abin da ingantaccen tsarin kasuwancin kasuwanci ke samarwa a kowane fanni na aiki.

Dandali kamar suMewayz suna amfani da wannan tunani iri ɗaya a cikin haɗe-haɗensu na 207. Ko kuna daidaita lissafin biyan albashi, canza shawarwarin abokin ciniki, ko sake fasalin tsarin tafiyar lokaci, tsarin yana kiyaye tarihin canji kuma yana ba ku damar sake maimaitawa ba tare da tsoron rasa aikin da ya gabata ba. Kasuwancin daidai yake da gyaran gyare-gyare mara lalacewa - kuma yana da canji kamar yadda yake.

Fa'idar Buɗaɗɗen Tushen Ga Ci gaban Kasuwanci

Ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan jan hankali na aikin Kolås akan GIMP shine abin da yake wakilta ta fuskar tattalin arziki. Adobe's Creative Cloud suite yana kashe kasuwancin tsakanin $55 da $90 kowane mai amfani kowane wata. Ga ƙungiyar masu zanen kaya goma, wannan shine $6,600 zuwa $10,800 kowace shekara - kafin lissafin biyan kuɗin hannun jari, lasisin plugin, ko farashin horo. GIMP, wanda injin GEGL na Kolås ke yi, yana ba da ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararru akan farashin lasisin sifili.

Tsarin tushen tushen buɗewa ya girma sosai tun daga 2017. Kasuwanci a yau na iya gina duk abubuwan ƙirƙira da kayan aiki ta amfani da kayan aikin SaaS masu buɗewa da araha mai araha ba tare da sadaukar da inganci ba. Mahimman abubuwan da ake la'akari yayin kimanta kayan aikin buɗaɗɗe don amfanin kasuwanci sun haɗa da:

  • Jimlar farashin mallaka — Ba da lasisi kyauta ba yana nufin turawa kyauta ba; factor a horo, gyare-gyare, da kuma goyon baya
  • Kiwon Lafiyar Al'umma — Al'ummomin masu ba da gudummawa masu aiki (GIMP sun sami sama da masu ba da gudummawa 700) suna sigina na dogon lokaci
  • Irin haɗewa - Kayan aikin da ke haɗa tare da gudanawar ku ta APIs da daidaitattun tsarin fayil suna rage juzu'i
  • Scalability - Tabbatar cewa kayan aiki na iya ɗaukar nauyin ayyukan girma ba tare da buƙatar canjin dandamali ba
  • Tsaro da yarda - Za a iya bincika lambar buɗe tushen, wanda ke daɗa mahimmanci ga kasuwancin da ke sarrafa mahimman bayanai
Kasuwanci mafi wayo ba sa zaɓar keɓance tsakanin buɗaɗɗen tushe da kayan aikin kasuwanci. Suna gina tarin tarin tarin yawa - ta amfani da GIMP don sarrafa hoto, Mewayz don gudanar da aiki, da kayan aikin da aka yi niyya kawai inda hanyoyin buɗe tushen suka gaza da gaske. Wannan tsarin zai iya rage kashe kashe software da kashi 40-60 yayin kiyayewa ko inganta iyawa.

Gina Bututun Ƙirƙirar-zuwa-Aiki

Aikin Kolås ya ba da haske ga gibin da kamfanoni da yawa har yanzu suna kokawa da su: rashin haɗin kai tsakanin samarwa da ayyukan kasuwanci. Mai zane yana ƙirƙirar kadarori a cikin GIMP ko Photoshop, yana fitar da su, yana loda su zuwa faifan da aka raba, yana sanar da ƙungiyar talla ta hanyar Slack, wanda sannan ya haɗa su da hannu zuwa kamfen, saƙonnin zamantakewa, ko jerin samfuran. Kowane handoff yana gabatar da jinkiri, ruɗewar sigar, da haɗarin amfani da kadarorin da suka shuɗe.

Kamfanoni masu tunani na gaba suna kawar da waɗannan gibin ta hanyar haɗa hanyoyin aikin su kai tsaye zuwa dandamalin aiki. Lokacin da kayan aikin ƙirar ku ke ciyarwa kai tsaye zuwa cikin CRM ɗinku, shafukan ajiyar ku, bayanan martaba na haɗin-in-bio, da samfuran daftarin ku, kuna cire gaba ɗaya nau'in juzu'in aiki. Masu amfani da Mewayz, alal misali, za su iya sabunta kadarori sau ɗaya kuma su sami waɗannan canje-canje a cikin samfuran da ke fuskantar abokin ciniki - daga samfuri na samarwa zuwa gaban manyan kantuna na dijital - ba tare da sake yin loda da hannu a cikin kayan aikin da aka cire ba.

Mafi tsada software a kowace kasuwanci ba ita ce wacce ke da mafi girman kuɗin lasisi ba - ita ce ke haifar da mafi yawan aikin hannu tsakanin tsarin. Farashin haɗin kai, wanda aka auna a cikin sa'o'in ɗan adam, kusan koyaushe yana wuce kuɗin biyan kuɗi.

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Wannan hangen nesa shine dalilin da ya sa dabi'a zuwa dandamali na duk-in-daya ya haɓaka. Kasuwancin da a baya suka sarrafa kayan aiki guda takwas zuwa goma sha biyu - kowannensu yana da kyau a keɓe - suna gano cewa haɗin kai tsakanin waɗannan kayan aikin yana da tsada fiye da kayan aikin da kansu. Tsarin dandali wanda ke sarrafa CRM, daftari, HR, sarrafa ayyuka, da rarraba kadara mai ƙirƙira a ƙarƙashin rufin ɗaya yana kawar da ɗaruruwan sa'o'i na aiki na shekara-shekara.

Darussa daga Shekara Goma sha Biyar na Injiniyan Mara lafiya

Wataƙila abin da ba a yaba da shi na labarin Kolås shine tsarin lokaci. A cikin al'adun fasaha wanda ya damu da saurin haɓakawa da mafi ƙarancin samfura masu inganci, ya shafe sama da shekaru goma sha biyar yana gina GEGL a cikin injin zane mai shirye-shiryen samarwa. Ƙungiyar GIMP ba ta hanzarta haɗa GEGL zuwa kasuwa tare da fasalin gasa-rabin-baya - sun jira har sai gine-ginen zai iya tallafawa cikakken hangen nesa na babban zurfin-bit, mara lalacewa, saurin sarrafa hoto na GPU.

Wannan hakurin ya biya riba. Lokacin da aka aika GIMP 2.10 a ƙarshe a cikin Afrilu 2018, ba haɓakawa ba ne - tsalle-tsalle ne na tsararraki. Software ɗin ya kasance daga watsi da shi a matsayin "Photoshop ga mutanen da ba za su iya ba da Photoshop ba" don a gane su a matsayin madadin iyawa na gaske tare da fa'idodin gine-gine a cikin wasu ayyukan aiki, musamman sarrafa tsari da magudin hoto ta hanyar Script-Fu da Python-Fu.

Kasuwanci na iya fitar da darasi mai ƙarfi a nan: tushen saka hannun jari. Bayar da lokacin kafa tsarin da ya dace - ko hakan yana daidaita tsarin dandamali na kasuwanci, rubuta daidaitattun hanyoyin aiki, ko gina ayyukan aiki mai sarrafa kansa - yana jin jinkirin farko amma yana haifar da dawo da fa'ida cikin watanni da shekaru. Kamfanonin da ke saka hannun jari a mako guda suna kafa tsarin haɗin gwiwar Mewayz da kyau suna ba da rahoton ceton sa'o'i 15-20 a kowane mako a cikin kwata na farko, idan aka kwatanta da waɗanda suka yi gaggawar ɗaukar kayan aikin ba tare da ingantaccen tsari ba.

Makomar Kayayyakin Ƙwararru Masu Samun Dama

Tun lokacin da Kolås ya yi hira da shi a 2017, yanayin da ya kwatanta ya ƙara haɓaka. GIMP yana ci gaba da haɓakawa zuwa cikakken gyara mara lalacewa. Abubuwan da ke da ƙarfin AI ana haɗa su cikin kayan aikin ƙirƙira tushen tushen tushe. Kuma babban kasuwa ya rungumi ra'ayin cewa ya kamata a sami damar yin amfani da ƙwararrun masana'antu na kowane girman - ba kawai waɗanda ke da kasafin kuɗin kasuwanci ba.

Wannan rarrabuwar kawuna ta faɗo a duk faɗin tsarin software na kasuwanci. Inda farawa a cikin 2012 zai iya buƙatar $ 2,000 kowace wata a cikin biyan kuɗi na software don gudanar da ayyukan yau da kullun, saitin kwatankwacin yau zai iya kashe ƙasa da $100 ta amfani da haɗin kayan aikin buɗaɗɗen tushe da dandamali mai araha duk-in-daya. Kasuwancin 138,000+ da ke amfani da dandamali kamar Mewayz sun nuna cewa ƙananan kamfanoni da matsakaitan kamfanoni ba su yarda da zaɓi na ƙarya tsakanin iyawa da araha.

Haɗuwa da kayan aikin ƙirƙira tushen tushen tushe, AI aiki da kai, da dandamali na kasuwanci na yau da kullun suna ƙirƙirar yanayi inda ƙungiyar mutum biyar za ta iya aiki tare da inganci da gogewar ƙungiyar mutum hamsin. Kolås da masu haɓakawa irinsa sun aza harsashi ta hanyar tabbatar da cewa za a iya gina babbar manhaja ta duniya tare da haɗin gwiwa, a rarraba su kyauta, kuma a ci gaba da inganta ta al’umma maimakon kamfanoni.

Mataki Masu Haƙiƙa don Zamanta Tarin Kayan Aikin Kasuwancin Ku

Ƙa'idodin da ke bayan tsarin dabara na Kolås don gina GEGL, ga tsarin kimantawa da sabunta kayan aikin ku na kasuwanci:

  1. Bincika kayan aikinku na yanzu da kuma farashinsu na gaskiya. Yi lissafin duk biyan kuɗin software, sannan ƙara kiyasin sa'o'in da aka kashe akan musayar bayanan hannu tsakanin su. Harajin haɗin kai yawanci shine 2-3x farashin biyan kuɗi.
  2. Gano ainihin kashin bayan aikin ku. Zaɓi dandamali ɗaya don yin aiki a matsayin cibiyar tsakiyar ku - wanda ya dace da CRM, sarrafa ayyukan, daftari, da daidaitawar ƙungiya ta asali maimakon ta hanyar haɗin kai.
  3. Layer a cikin kayan aikin ƙwararrun kawai inda ya cancanta. Yi amfani da GIMP ko makamantan kayan aikin buɗe tushen don aikin ƙirƙira, amma tabbatar da haɗa su zuwa ainihin aikin ku ta hanyar ajiyar ajiya ko haɗin kai kai tsaye.
  4. Saba hannun jari a saitin, ba gajerun hanyoyi ba. ɓata lokaci don daidaita ayyukan aiki yadda yakamata, na atomatik, da samfura a gaba. Kamar Kolås yana gina gine-ginen GEGL kafin ƙara fasalulluka, saitin tushen ku yana ƙayyade ingancin dogon lokaci.
  5. Bita da maimaita kwata-kwata.Kayan aiki suna haɓakawa, ƙungiyoyi suna girma, kuma ayyukan aiki suna canzawa. Jadawalin sake dubawa na yau da kullun don kawar da kayan aikin da ba su da yawa kuma ku ɗauki mafi kyawun madadin yayin da suke fitowa.
Zamanin haɗaɗɗiyar kayan aikin da yawa da aka yanke yana ƙarewa. Ko kuna shirya hotuna a cikin GIMP, sarrafa abokan ciniki a cikin CRM, ko sarrafa bututun daftarin ku, dabarun cin nasara iri ɗaya ne wanda Øyvind Kolås ya nuna a cikin shekarun aikin injiniya na ladabtarwa: gina kan tushe mai ƙarfi, haɗa tsarin ku da hankali, kuma barin haɓaka haɓaka haɓaka haɓaka kasuwancin ku.

Gina Kasuwancin Kasuwancin ku A Yau

Daga masu zaman kansu zuwa hukumomi, Mewayz yana ba da ikon kasuwanci 138,000+ tare da 207 hadedde kayayyaki. Fara kyauta, haɓakawa lokacin da kuka girma.

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Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi

Mene ne GEGL kuma me yasa yake da mahimmanci?

GEGL (Generic Graphics Library) injin sarrafa hoto ne wanda ke ba da ikon GIMP na zamani. Øyvind Kolås ne ya haɓaka shi, ya gabatar da mara lahani, gyare-gyaren hoto mai zurfi mai zurfi. Wannan yana ba da damar rikitattun gyare-gyare ba tare da canza ainihin bayanan hoto na dindindin ba, fasalin ƙwararru sau ɗaya keɓanta ga software mai tsada. Kamfanoni na zamani kamar Mewayz, wanda ke ba da nau'ikan nau'ikan 207 akan $19/mo, kuma suna yin amfani da irin wannan ƙarfi, sarrafawa mara lalacewa don baiwa ƴan kasuwa ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙirƙira cikin araha.

Ta yaya software mai buɗewa kamar GIMP ke amfanar kasuwanci?

Buɗe-buɗe software yana ba da ingantaccen farashi, sassauƙa, da madaidaicin madadin kayan aikin mallakar mallaka. Kamar yadda aka bayyana a cikin hirar, falsafar da ke bayan ci gaban GIMP tana ƙarfafa kasuwanci ta hanyar ba su ikon sarrafa kayan aikin su. Wannan yana rage kudaden lasisi kuma yana guje wa kulle-kulle mai siyarwa. Kamfanoni za su iya ginawa akan waɗannan tabbatattun tabbatattu, kama da yadda Mewayz ke ba da babban ɗaki na 207 hadedde kayayyaki don biyan kuɗin dalar Amurka $19/mo, yana samar da kayan aikin ci gaba.

Mene ne gyara mara lalacewa?

Gyaran da ba mai lalacewa ba aikin aiki ne inda ake amfani da gyare-gyare (kamar tacewa ko gyare-gyaren launi) azaman yadudduka ko umarni maimakon canza ainihin pixels kai tsaye. Wannan yana ba ku damar sake daidaitawa ko cire sakamako a kowane lokaci ba tare da asarar inganci ba. Ayyukan Kolås akan GEGL ya kawo wannan ma'aunin ƙwararru zuwa GIMP. Ƙa'ida ce mai mahimmanci a cikin ɗakunan ƙirƙira na zamani, gami da ayyuka kamar Mewayz, waɗanda ke taimaka wa kasuwancin su kiyaye sassauƙa, samar da kadara mai inganci.

Shin kayan aikin buɗe tushen da gaske na iya yin gogayya da software na kasuwanci?

Ee, kamar yadda GIMP ya tabbatar da dorewar amfani da haɓaka. Tattaunawar ta nuna cewa ayyukan buda-baki na iya samun sakamako mai inganci ta hanyar sadaukarwar al'umma. Sau da yawa suna fitar da sabbin abubuwa waɗanda samfuran kasuwanci suka karɓe daga baya. Don kasuwancin da ke neman daidaitacciyar hanya, sabis na tushen biyan kuɗi kamar Mewayz (Modules 207 don $ 19 / mo) suna nuna yadda za'a iya samar da kayan aikin ƙwararru duka masu ƙarfi da samun dama, haɗe ka'idodin buɗe tushen tare da ci gaba mai dorewa.

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