C++26 ƒe ŋugbledede ƒe nuƒoƒoƒu-ɣeyiɣi ƒe gazazã ɣaɣla

Ɣeyiɣi Yeye ƒe Ŋdi: C++26 kple Ŋugbledede

C++ gbea le tsitre ɖe eƒe tɔtrɔ yeyetɔ kekeake ƒe nuwuwu le ƒewo me: C++26. Nusi le nɔnɔmetɔtrɔ sia ƒe taɖodzinu mee nye alesi wole mɔ kpɔm na ɣeyiɣi didi aɖee nye sia si nye nusiwo ŋu wobuna le teƒe ɖeka ƒe vava. Nɔnɔme sia do ŋugbe be yeatrɔ asi le meta-ɖoɖowɔɖi ŋu, si ana be dɔwɔlawo naŋlɔ kɔpi siwo ate ŋu alé ŋku ɖe wo ɖokui ŋu ahawɔ asitɔtrɔ le eya ŋutɔ ƒe wɔwɔme ŋu le nuƒoƒoƒuɣi. Kpɔe ɖa le susu me be yeawɔ serialization dɔwɔwɔwo, awɔ nyatakakadzraɖoƒe ƒe kadodowo, alo aɖo kpe ɖoɖowo dzi le wo ɖokui si, to wò kɔpi ŋuti nuŋlɔɖiwo wɔwɔ me ko. Ŋutete si le codebase siwo le dzadzɛ wu, siwo ŋu woate ŋu alé be na wu, eye vodadawo menɔa wo me boo o ŋu la lolo ŋutɔ. Le mɔ̃ siwo le abe Mewayz ene, siwo nana asitsahabɔbɔwo te ŋu tua dɔwɔɖoɖo deŋgɔ siwo woate ŋu azã le mɔ vovovowo nu gome la, ŋusẽ sia ate ŋu aʋu nuwo wɔwɔ le wo ɖokui si kple woƒe tɔtrɔ ɖe nɔnɔmewo ŋu ƒe ɖoɖo siwo tɔgbe medzɔ kpɔ o le kɔmpiutadziɖoɖowo ƒe xɔtuɖaŋu me. Ke hã, ŋusẽ yeye sia si ŋu woke ɖo la meva femaxee o. Asitsatsa ɖedzesitɔ kekeake le domenyinyi aɖe si dzi woŋea aɖaba ƒuna zi geɖe le dzidzɔkpɔkpɔ me: nuƒoƒoƒu-ɣeyiɣi ƒe dɔwɔwɔ.

Ŋkuléle ɖe Nuƒoƒoƒula ƒe Vɔvɔli Megbe

Be míase gazazã gɔme la, ele be míase alesi ŋugbledede wɔa dɔe gɔme gbã. C++26 ƒe ŋugbledede nye nuƒoƒoƒu-ɣeyiɣi ƒe nɔnɔme. Ne èzã ŋugbledede tsɔ, ne míagblɔe la, gbugbɔgawɔ ɖe klass aɖe me tɔwo dzi la, ele be nuƒoƒoƒula la naɖe wò codebase bliboa me, atu abstract syntax tree (AST) si me kɔ tsitotsito, eye emegbe wòawɔ wò meta-programming code ɖe AST ma ŋu. Dɔ sia xɔa nunɔamesi geɖe ŋutɔ ale gbegbe. Menye nuŋɔŋlɔ ɖɔliɖɔli dzro aɖe koe wònye o; enye Turing-gbegbɔgblɔ blibo (constexpr kple template metaprogramming) ƒe dɔwɔwɔ bliboe si wòle be woakpɔ ƒomedodo sesẽ siwo le ƒomeviwo, dɔwɔwɔwo, kple ŋkɔteƒewo dome gbɔ. Togbɔ be egbegbe nuƒoƒoƒulawo nye mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ƒe nukunuwo hã la, wo ɖokui me dzodzro ƒe seƒe sia tsɔa dɔwɔwɔ ƒe akpa yeye kpekpe aɖe kpena ɖe eŋu. Esia nye gazazã "ɣla"—mekpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe wò dɔwɔwɔ mamlɛtɔ ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe duƒuƒu dzi o, gake ekpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe wò ŋgɔyiyi ƒe tsatsam ƒe duƒuƒu dzi tẽ.

Ne Sɛkɛndwo Trɔ Zu Aɖabaƒoƒo: Ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi ɖe Ŋgɔyiyi Ŋu

Nu si dona tso nuƒoƒoƒu-ɣeyiɣi ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe dzidziɖedzi me enumake enye xɔtuɣi didiwo. Le dɔ gã aɖe si wowɔ me la, tɔtrɔ aɖe si na wogbugbɔ xɔ tu si xɔa sɛkɛnd 30 ɖe edzi tsã la ate ŋu axɔ aɖabaƒoƒo geɖe azɔ. Esia adze nu sue aɖe ko na xɔtutu ɖeka, gake ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi si ƒo ƒu ɖe xɔtulawo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ dzi lolo ŋutɔ. "Compile and run" loop si xɔ ŋkɔ vɔ̃ɖi, si nye ŋgɔyiyi ƒe dzi ƒe tsotso, nɔa blewu. Esia ate ŋu axe mɔ ɖe dodokpɔwo nu, ana nya siwo ƒo xlãe ƒe tɔtrɔ ɖe edzi ne dɔwɔlawo le lalam, eye mlɔeba la, dɔa ƒe duƒuƒu bliboa dzi naɖe akpɔtɔ. Le ɖoɖo sesẽ abe Mewayz modular OS ene, afisi akpawo nɔa te ɖe wo nɔewo dzi ŋutɔ la, tɔtrɔ sue aɖe le core module me ateŋu abia be woagbugbɔ codebase ƒe akpa gãwo atu, si ana heheɖemegbe sia nadzi ɖe edzi.

Nuƒoƒoƒu-Ɣeyiɣi ƒe Ʋuʋudedi dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ

Akpe be C++ habɔbɔa kple dɔwɔnuwo wɔlawo le egbɔkpɔnuwo ŋu bum xoxo. Togbɔ be míate ŋu aɖe ga vevi si wozãna ɖe ŋugbledede ŋu ɖa o hã la, míate ŋu akpɔ egbɔ nyuie. Mɔnu vevi aɖewoe nye esi:

ƒe nyawo
• Precompiled Reflection Data: Anɔ eme be etsɔme nuƒoƒoƒula ƒe tɔtrɔwo adzra reflection nyatakakawo ɖo, eyata mehiã be woagbugbɔe awɔ tso gɔmedzedzea me le xɔtutu ɖesiaɖe me ne dzɔtsoƒea metrɔ o.
• Modular Codebases: C++ modules (C++20/26 ƒe nɔnɔme bubu) xɔxɔ ɖe tanya faɛl xoxowo dzi ateŋu aɖe code agbɔsɔsɔme si wòle be nuƒoƒoƒula nagbugbɔ adzro la dzi akpɔtɔ ŋutɔ, si ɖea vi na code si me reflection-heavy le le mɔ si mele tẽ o nu.
• Tiatia ƒe Dɔwɔwɔ: Zã ŋugbledede le nunya me. Ezazã ɖe klass ɖesiaɖe me le wò ɖoɖoa me nye nusi gbɔ eme. Dzrae ɖo na wò kɔda ƒe akpa siwo boilerplate dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ kple dedienɔnɔ ƒe viɖewo ɖe dzesi wu le.
• Build System Optimizations: Xɔtuɖoɖo siwo woma kple CI/CD pɔmpi sesẽwo zazã ateŋu akpeɖeŋu atsɔ axe mɔ ɖe nutoa me nuƒoƒoƒu-ɣeyiɣi ƒe dzidziɖedzi nu to dɔwɔwɔ ƒe agba kaka me.

Ŋusẽ si le ŋugbledede ŋu nye tɔtrɔ, gake ebia mɔnu si me aɖaŋu le wu le kɔmpiuta dɔwɔɖoɖowo ƒe xɔtuɖaŋu me. Menye taɖodzinuae nye be woaƒo asa na nɔnɔmea o, ke boŋ be woatsɔe awɔ ɖekae le nunya me be viɖe geɖe wu nasu esi esime wole masɔmasɔ dzi ɖem kpɔtɔ.

Aɖaŋuɖoɖo ƒe Ŋugbledede na Modular Systems abe Mewayz

Na platform si wotu ɖe gɔmeɖose si nye modularity dzi, abe Mewayz ene la, ele be mɔnu si woatsɔ awɔ C++26 reflection nanye modular sɔsɔe. Nu vevitɔe nye ame ɖokui ɖeɖe ɖe aga. To reflection zazã léle ɖe interface kple modules siwo woɖe nyuie, siwo li ke me la, woate ŋu aɖe tɔtrɔ si hea recompilation didi aɖe ƒe blast radius dzi akpɔtɔ. Woateŋu azã ŋugbledede atsɔ awɔ "glue" code si blaa modules ɖekae, si kpɔa egbɔ be ƒomevi ƒe dedienɔnɔ eye wòɖea asi ƒe vodadawo dzi kpɔtɔna. Gake ele be susu vevi si le module ɖesiaɖe me nanɔ bɔbɔe eye wòanye nusi me susu mele o alesi wòanya wɔe. Esia sɔ pɛpɛpɛ kple Mewayz ƒe xexemenunya si nye be woatu asitsatsa ƒe OS sesẽ si woate ŋu aƒo ƒu ɖo afisi wowɔa nɔnɔme sesẽwo ŋudɔ le evɔ womagblẽ ɖoɖoa ƒe gɔmeɖoanyi ƒe liƒo kple dɔwɔwɔ me o. Ŋusẽ le C++ ƒe etsɔme ŋu ɖikekemanɔmee, eye to eƒe gazazãwo gɔmesese kple ɖoɖowɔwɔ ɖe eŋu me la, ewɔlawo kple mɔ̃ siwo le abe Mewayz ene ateŋu awɔ ŋusẽ ma ŋudɔ atsɔ atu kɔmpiutadziɖoɖo siwo me nunya le wu, siwo te ŋu trɔna ɖe nɔnɔmewo ŋu wu.

Nyabiase Siwo Wobiana Enuenu

Ɣeyiɣi Yeye ƒe Ŋdi: C++26 kple Ŋugbledede

C++ gbea le tsitre ɖe eƒe tɔtrɔ yeyetɔ kekeake ƒe nuwuwu le ƒewo me: C++26. Nusi le nɔnɔmetɔtrɔ sia ƒe taɖodzinu mee nye alesi wole mɔ kpɔm na ɣeyiɣi didi aɖee nye sia si nye nusiwo ŋu wobuna le teƒe ɖeka ƒe vava. Nɔnɔme sia do ŋugbe be yeatrɔ asi le meta-ɖoɖowɔɖi ŋu, si ana be dɔwɔlawo naŋlɔ kɔpi siwo ate ŋu alé ŋku ɖe wo ɖokui ŋu ahawɔ asitɔtrɔ le eya ŋutɔ ƒe wɔwɔme ŋu le nuƒoƒoƒuɣi. Kpɔe ɖa le susu me be yeawɔ serialization dɔwɔwɔwo, awɔ nyatakakadzraɖoƒe ƒe kadodowo, alo aɖo kpe ɖoɖowo dzi le wo ɖokui si, to wò kɔpi ŋuti nuŋlɔɖiwo wɔwɔ me ko. Ŋutete si le codebase siwo le dzadzɛ wu, siwo ŋu woate ŋu alé be na wu, eye vodadawo menɔa wo me boo o ŋu la lolo ŋutɔ. Le mɔ̃ siwo le abe Mewayz ene, siwo nana asitsahabɔbɔwo te ŋu tua dɔwɔɖoɖo deŋgɔ siwo woate ŋu azã le mɔ vovovowo nu gome la, ŋusẽ sia ate ŋu aʋu nuwo wɔwɔ le wo ɖokui si kple woƒe tɔtrɔ ɖe nɔnɔmewo ŋu ƒe ɖoɖo siwo tɔgbe medzɔ kpɔ o le kɔmpiutadziɖoɖowo ƒe xɔtuɖaŋu me. Ke hã, ŋusẽ yeye sia si ŋu woke ɖo la meva femaxee o. Asitsatsa ɖedzesitɔ kekeake le domenyinyi aɖe si dzi woŋea aɖaba ƒuna zi geɖe le dzidzɔkpɔkpɔ me: nuƒoƒoƒu-ɣeyiɣi ƒe dɔwɔwɔ.

Ŋkuléle ɖe Nuƒoƒoƒula ƒe Vɔvɔli Megbe

Be míase gazazã gɔme la, ele be míase alesi ŋugbledede wɔa dɔe gɔme gbã. C++26 ƒe ŋugbledede nye nuƒoƒoƒu-ɣeyiɣi ƒe nɔnɔme. Ne èzã ŋugbledede tsɔ, ne míagblɔe la, gbugbɔgawɔ ɖe klass aɖe me tɔwo dzi la, ele be nuƒoƒoƒula la naɖe wò codebase bliboa me, atu abstract syntax tree (AST) si me kɔ tsitotsito, eye emegbe wòawɔ wò meta-programming code ɖe AST ma ŋu. Dɔ sia xɔa nunɔamesi geɖe ŋutɔ ale gbegbe. Menye nuŋɔŋlɔ ɖɔliɖɔli dzro aɖe koe wònye o; enye Turing-gbegbɔgblɔ blibo (constexpr kple template metaprogramming) ƒe dɔwɔwɔ bliboe si wòle be woakpɔ ƒomedodo sesẽ siwo le ƒomeviwo, dɔwɔwɔwo, kple ŋkɔteƒewo dome gbɔ. Togbɔ be egbegbe nuƒoƒoƒulawo nye mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ƒe nukunuwo hã la, wo ɖokui me dzodzro ƒe seƒe sia tsɔa dɔwɔwɔ ƒe akpa yeye kpekpe aɖe kpena ɖe eŋu. Esia nye gazazã "ɣla"—mekpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe wò dɔwɔwɔ mamlɛtɔ ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe duƒuƒu dzi o, gake ekpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe wò ŋgɔyiyi ƒe tsatsam ƒe duƒuƒu dzi tẽ.

Ne Sɛkɛndwo Trɔ Zu Aɖabaƒoƒo: Ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi ɖe Ŋgɔyiyi Ŋu

Nu si dona tso nuƒoƒoƒu-ɣeyiɣi ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe dzidziɖedzi me enumake enye xɔtuɣi didiwo. Le dɔ gã aɖe si wowɔ me la, tɔtrɔ aɖe si na wogbugbɔ xɔ tu si xɔa sɛkɛnd 30 ɖe edzi tsã la ate ŋu axɔ aɖabaƒoƒo geɖe azɔ. Esia adze nu sue aɖe ko na xɔtutu ɖeka, gake ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi si ƒo ƒu ɖe xɔtulawo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ dzi lolo ŋutɔ. "Compile and run" loop si xɔ ŋkɔ vɔ̃ɖi, si nye ŋgɔyiyi ƒe dzi ƒe tsotso, nɔa blewu. Esia ate ŋu axe mɔ ɖe dodokpɔwo nu, ana nya siwo ƒo xlãe ƒe tɔtrɔ ɖe edzi ne dɔwɔlawo le lalam, eye mlɔeba la, dɔa ƒe duƒuƒu bliboa dzi naɖe akpɔtɔ. Le ɖoɖo sesẽ abe Mewayz modular OS ene, afisi akpawo nɔa te ɖe wo nɔewo dzi ŋutɔ la, tɔtrɔ sue aɖe le core module me ateŋu abia be woagbugbɔ codebase ƒe akpa gãwo atu, si ana heheɖemegbe sia nadzi ɖe edzi.

Nuƒoƒoƒu-Ɣeyiɣi ƒe Ʋuʋudedi dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ

Akpe be C++ habɔbɔa kple dɔwɔnuwo wɔlawo le egbɔkpɔnuwo ŋu bum xoxo. Togbɔ be míate ŋu aɖe ga vevi si wozãna ɖe ŋugbledede ŋu ɖa o hã la, míate ŋu akpɔ egbɔ nyuie. Mɔnu vevi aɖewoe nye esi:

Aɖaŋuɖoɖo ƒe Ŋugbledede na Modular Systems abe Mewayz

Na platform si wotu ɖe gɔmeɖose si nye modularity dzi, abe Mewayz ene la, ele be mɔnu si woatsɔ awɔ C++26 reflection nanye modular sɔsɔe. Nu vevitɔe nye ame ɖokui ɖeɖe ɖe aga. To reflection zazã léle ɖe interface kple modules siwo woɖe nyuie, siwo li ke me la, woate ŋu aɖe tɔtrɔ si hea recompilation didi aɖe ƒe blast radius dzi akpɔtɔ. Woateŋu azã ŋugbledede atsɔ awɔ "glue" code si blaa modules ɖekae, si kpɔa egbɔ be ƒomevi ƒe dedienɔnɔ eye wòɖea asi ƒe vodadawo dzi kpɔtɔna. Gake ele be susu vevi si le module ɖesiaɖe me nanɔ bɔbɔe eye wòanye nusi me susu mele o alesi wòanya wɔe. Esia sɔ pɛpɛpɛ kple Mewayz ƒe xexemenunya si nye be woatu asitsatsa ƒe OS sesẽ si woate ŋu aƒo ƒu ɖo afisi wowɔa nɔnɔme sesẽwo ŋudɔ le evɔ womagblẽ ɖoɖoa ƒe gɔmeɖoanyi ƒe liƒo kple dɔwɔwɔ me o. Ŋusẽ le C++ ƒe etsɔme ŋu ɖikekemanɔmee, eye to eƒe gazazãwo gɔmesese kple ɖoɖowɔwɔ ɖe eŋu me la, ewɔlawo kple mɔ̃ siwo le abe Mewayz ene ateŋu awɔ ŋusẽ ma ŋudɔ atsɔ atu kɔmpiutadziɖoɖo siwo me nunya le wu, siwo te ŋu trɔna ɖe nɔnɔmewo ŋu wu.